The Protective Effect of Echinochrome A on Extracellular Matrix of Vocal Folds in Ovariectomized Rats
Here, we investigated the effects of sex hormones on extracellular matrix (ECM)-related gene expression in the vocal fold lamina propria of ovariectomized (after ovary removal) rats and verified whether echinochrome A (ECH) exerts any therapeutic effects on ECM reconstitution after estrogen deficien...
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MDPI AG
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/18/2/77 |
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| author | Ji Min Kim Jeong Hun Kim Sung-Chan Shin Gi Cheol Park Hyung Sik Kim Keunyoung Kim Hyoung Kyu Kim Jin Han Natalia P. Mishchenko Elena A. Vasileva Sergey A. Fedoreyev Valentin A. Stonik Byung-Joo Lee |
| author_facet | Ji Min Kim Jeong Hun Kim Sung-Chan Shin Gi Cheol Park Hyung Sik Kim Keunyoung Kim Hyoung Kyu Kim Jin Han Natalia P. Mishchenko Elena A. Vasileva Sergey A. Fedoreyev Valentin A. Stonik Byung-Joo Lee |
| author_sort | Ji Min Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Here, we investigated the effects of sex hormones on extracellular matrix (ECM)-related gene expression in the vocal fold lamina propria of ovariectomized (after ovary removal) rats and verified whether echinochrome A (ECH) exerts any therapeutic effects on ECM reconstitution after estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized rats. Sprague−Dawley female rats (9 weeks old) were acclimatized for a week and randomly divided into three groups (<i>n</i> = 15 each group) as follows: group I (sham-operated rats, SHAM), group II (ovariectomized rats, OVX), group III (ovariectomized rats treated with ECH, OVX + ECH). Rats from the OVX + ECH group were intraperitoneally injected with ECH at 10 mg/kg thrice a week after surgery for 6 weeks. And rats were sacrificed 6 weeks after ovariectomy. Estradiol levels decreased in OVX group compared with the SHAM group. ECH treatment had no effect on the levels of estradiol and expression of estrogen receptor β (ERβ). The evaluation of ECM components showed no significant changes in elastin and hyaluronic acid levels between the different groups. Collagen I and III levels were lower in OVX group than in SHAM group but increased in OVX + ECH group. The mRNA levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -2, -8, and -9 were significantly higher in the OVX group than in the SHAM group, but decreased in the OVX + ECH group. Thus, changes were observed in ECM-related genes in the OVX group upon estradiol deficiency that were ameliorated by ECH administration. Thus, the vocal fold is an estradiol-sensitive target organ and ECH may have protective effects on the ECM of vocal folds in ovariectomized rats. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:25:12Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
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| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-dd50de9e6aac4efab9b704c42431fdc12022-12-22T02:56:30ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972020-01-011827710.3390/md18020077md18020077The Protective Effect of Echinochrome A on Extracellular Matrix of Vocal Folds in Ovariectomized RatsJi Min Kim0Jeong Hun Kim1Sung-Chan Shin2Gi Cheol Park3Hyung Sik Kim4Keunyoung Kim5Hyoung Kyu Kim6Jin Han7Natalia P. Mishchenko8Elena A. Vasileva9Sergey A. Fedoreyev10Valentin A. Stonik11Byung-Joo Lee12Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, KoreaBiomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, KoreaDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, KoreaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon 51353, KoreaDepartment of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, KoreaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, KoreaNational Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan 47391, KoreaNational Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan 47391, KoreaG.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, RussiaG.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, RussiaG.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, RussiaG.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, RussiaPusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, KoreaHere, we investigated the effects of sex hormones on extracellular matrix (ECM)-related gene expression in the vocal fold lamina propria of ovariectomized (after ovary removal) rats and verified whether echinochrome A (ECH) exerts any therapeutic effects on ECM reconstitution after estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized rats. Sprague−Dawley female rats (9 weeks old) were acclimatized for a week and randomly divided into three groups (<i>n</i> = 15 each group) as follows: group I (sham-operated rats, SHAM), group II (ovariectomized rats, OVX), group III (ovariectomized rats treated with ECH, OVX + ECH). Rats from the OVX + ECH group were intraperitoneally injected with ECH at 10 mg/kg thrice a week after surgery for 6 weeks. And rats were sacrificed 6 weeks after ovariectomy. Estradiol levels decreased in OVX group compared with the SHAM group. ECH treatment had no effect on the levels of estradiol and expression of estrogen receptor β (ERβ). The evaluation of ECM components showed no significant changes in elastin and hyaluronic acid levels between the different groups. Collagen I and III levels were lower in OVX group than in SHAM group but increased in OVX + ECH group. The mRNA levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -2, -8, and -9 were significantly higher in the OVX group than in the SHAM group, but decreased in the OVX + ECH group. Thus, changes were observed in ECM-related genes in the OVX group upon estradiol deficiency that were ameliorated by ECH administration. Thus, the vocal fold is an estradiol-sensitive target organ and ECH may have protective effects on the ECM of vocal folds in ovariectomized rats.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/18/2/77echinochrome aestradiolextracellular matrixvocal foldovariectomy |
| spellingShingle | Ji Min Kim Jeong Hun Kim Sung-Chan Shin Gi Cheol Park Hyung Sik Kim Keunyoung Kim Hyoung Kyu Kim Jin Han Natalia P. Mishchenko Elena A. Vasileva Sergey A. Fedoreyev Valentin A. Stonik Byung-Joo Lee The Protective Effect of Echinochrome A on Extracellular Matrix of Vocal Folds in Ovariectomized Rats Marine Drugs echinochrome a estradiol extracellular matrix vocal fold ovariectomy |
| title | The Protective Effect of Echinochrome A on Extracellular Matrix of Vocal Folds in Ovariectomized Rats |
| title_full | The Protective Effect of Echinochrome A on Extracellular Matrix of Vocal Folds in Ovariectomized Rats |
| title_fullStr | The Protective Effect of Echinochrome A on Extracellular Matrix of Vocal Folds in Ovariectomized Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Protective Effect of Echinochrome A on Extracellular Matrix of Vocal Folds in Ovariectomized Rats |
| title_short | The Protective Effect of Echinochrome A on Extracellular Matrix of Vocal Folds in Ovariectomized Rats |
| title_sort | protective effect of echinochrome a on extracellular matrix of vocal folds in ovariectomized rats |
| topic | echinochrome a estradiol extracellular matrix vocal fold ovariectomy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/18/2/77 |
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