A Low Cost Compact Measurement System Constructed Using a Smart Electrochemical Sensor for the Real-Time Discrimination of Fruit Ripening
Ethylene as an indicator for evaluating fruit ripening can be measured by very sensitive electrochemical gas sensors based on a high-resolution current produced by a bias potential applied to the electrodes. For this purpose, a measurement system for monitoring ethylene gas concentrations to evaluat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2016-04-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/4/501 |
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| author | Liuzheng Ma Ling Wang Ruipeng Chen Keke Chang Shun Wang Xinran Hu Xiaohui Sun Zhaohui Lu Haifeng Sun Qingqian Guo Min Jiang Jiandong Hu |
| author_facet | Liuzheng Ma Ling Wang Ruipeng Chen Keke Chang Shun Wang Xinran Hu Xiaohui Sun Zhaohui Lu Haifeng Sun Qingqian Guo Min Jiang Jiandong Hu |
| author_sort | Liuzheng Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ethylene as an indicator for evaluating fruit ripening can be measured by very sensitive electrochemical gas sensors based on a high-resolution current produced by a bias potential applied to the electrodes. For this purpose, a measurement system for monitoring ethylene gas concentrations to evaluate fruit ripening by using the electrochemical ethylene sensor was successfully developed. Before the electrochemical ethylene sensor was used to measure the ethylene gas concentrations released from fruits, a calibration curve was established by the standard ethylene gases at concentrations of 2.99 ppm, 4.99 ppm, 8.01 ppm and 10 ppm, respectively, with a flow rate of 0.4 L·min−1. From the calibration curve, the linear relationship between the responses and concentrations of ethylene gas was obtained in the range of 0–10 ppm with the correlation coefficient R2 of 0.9976. The micropump and a novel signal conditioning circuit were implemented in this measurement, resulting in a rapid response in detecting ethylene concentrations down to 0.1 ppm in air and in under 50 s. In this experiment, three kinds of fruits—apples, pears and kiwifruits—were studied at a low concentration (under 0.8 ppm) of trace ethylene content in the air exhaled by fruits. The experimental results showed that a low cost, compact measurement system constructed by using an electrochemical ethylene sensor has a high sensitivity of 0.3907 V·ppm−1 with a theoretical detection limit of 0.413 ppm, and is non-invasive and highly portable. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:22:50Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:22:50Z |
| publishDate | 2016-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-dd5ca3cf8bf24ac6aae68102aeac680a2022-12-22T04:22:09ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202016-04-0116450110.3390/s16040501s16040501A Low Cost Compact Measurement System Constructed Using a Smart Electrochemical Sensor for the Real-Time Discrimination of Fruit RipeningLiuzheng Ma0Ling Wang1Ruipeng Chen2Keke Chang3Shun Wang4Xinran Hu5Xiaohui Sun6Zhaohui Lu7Haifeng Sun8Qingqian Guo9Min Jiang10Jiandong Hu11Department of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaSchool of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21, 111 Lakeshore Road, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, CanadaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaEthylene as an indicator for evaluating fruit ripening can be measured by very sensitive electrochemical gas sensors based on a high-resolution current produced by a bias potential applied to the electrodes. For this purpose, a measurement system for monitoring ethylene gas concentrations to evaluate fruit ripening by using the electrochemical ethylene sensor was successfully developed. Before the electrochemical ethylene sensor was used to measure the ethylene gas concentrations released from fruits, a calibration curve was established by the standard ethylene gases at concentrations of 2.99 ppm, 4.99 ppm, 8.01 ppm and 10 ppm, respectively, with a flow rate of 0.4 L·min−1. From the calibration curve, the linear relationship between the responses and concentrations of ethylene gas was obtained in the range of 0–10 ppm with the correlation coefficient R2 of 0.9976. The micropump and a novel signal conditioning circuit were implemented in this measurement, resulting in a rapid response in detecting ethylene concentrations down to 0.1 ppm in air and in under 50 s. In this experiment, three kinds of fruits—apples, pears and kiwifruits—were studied at a low concentration (under 0.8 ppm) of trace ethylene content in the air exhaled by fruits. The experimental results showed that a low cost, compact measurement system constructed by using an electrochemical ethylene sensor has a high sensitivity of 0.3907 V·ppm−1 with a theoretical detection limit of 0.413 ppm, and is non-invasive and highly portable.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/4/501ethylene gasmicropumpelectrochemical sensorfruit ripeningnon-invasive |
| spellingShingle | Liuzheng Ma Ling Wang Ruipeng Chen Keke Chang Shun Wang Xinran Hu Xiaohui Sun Zhaohui Lu Haifeng Sun Qingqian Guo Min Jiang Jiandong Hu A Low Cost Compact Measurement System Constructed Using a Smart Electrochemical Sensor for the Real-Time Discrimination of Fruit Ripening Sensors ethylene gas micropump electrochemical sensor fruit ripening non-invasive |
| title | A Low Cost Compact Measurement System Constructed Using a Smart Electrochemical Sensor for the Real-Time Discrimination of Fruit Ripening |
| title_full | A Low Cost Compact Measurement System Constructed Using a Smart Electrochemical Sensor for the Real-Time Discrimination of Fruit Ripening |
| title_fullStr | A Low Cost Compact Measurement System Constructed Using a Smart Electrochemical Sensor for the Real-Time Discrimination of Fruit Ripening |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Low Cost Compact Measurement System Constructed Using a Smart Electrochemical Sensor for the Real-Time Discrimination of Fruit Ripening |
| title_short | A Low Cost Compact Measurement System Constructed Using a Smart Electrochemical Sensor for the Real-Time Discrimination of Fruit Ripening |
| title_sort | low cost compact measurement system constructed using a smart electrochemical sensor for the real time discrimination of fruit ripening |
| topic | ethylene gas micropump electrochemical sensor fruit ripening non-invasive |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/4/501 |
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