Relation between Shear Stresses and Flexural Tensile Stresses from Standardized Tests of Extracted Prismatic Specimens of an SFRC Bridge Girder
Experimental research on the direct shear behavior of fiber-reinforced concrete is often carried out using prisms molded with specific dimensions for a standardized test. However, the flow of fresh concrete in these molds can be different than in the case of a full-scale structural element. This is...
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| author | Alfredo Quiroga Flores Rodolfo Giacomim Mendes de Andrade Michèle Schubert Pfeil Joaquim A. O. Barros Ronaldo Carvalho Battista Olga Maria Oliveira de Araújo Ricardo Tadeu Lopes Romildo Dias Toledo Filho |
| author_facet | Alfredo Quiroga Flores Rodolfo Giacomim Mendes de Andrade Michèle Schubert Pfeil Joaquim A. O. Barros Ronaldo Carvalho Battista Olga Maria Oliveira de Araújo Ricardo Tadeu Lopes Romildo Dias Toledo Filho |
| author_sort | Alfredo Quiroga Flores |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Experimental research on the direct shear behavior of fiber-reinforced concrete is often carried out using prisms molded with specific dimensions for a standardized test. However, the flow of fresh concrete in these molds can be different than in the case of a full-scale structural element. This is important considering that the flow direction highly influences the distribution and orientation of fibers. In addition, most of the studies did not relate their shear results to other mechanical properties. In contrast, this study attempted to deepen the experimental knowledge of the crack propagation of a steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) used in a full-scale prototype of a bridge box girder built in the laboratory. Prismatic specimens were sawn from webs and top flanges of this prototype. Serving as references, additional specimens were molded in wooden boxes. In a previous study of our research group, both had been tested under a three-point notched bending configuration maintaining test conditions proportional to the EN14651 specifications. From each of the previously flexurally tested specimens, two prismatic specimens suitable for the Fédération Internationale de la Précontrainte (FIP) shear test setup were extracted by adopting a cutting methodology that avoided the damage induced by the flexural tests to be part of the FIP specimens. These FIP specimens were tested in almost pure shear loading conditions for assessing the performance of SFRC. Computer tomography images and photos of the shear failure faces were used to determine the distribution and density of fibers. The results demonstrated that the peak loads were proportional to the fiber density at the shear failure section. Assuming that the SFRC conditions of the webs were representative of a common batching procedure in the construction industry, the results from the tests in specimens extracted from these webs were adopted to establish shear stress/flexural tensile stress ratios vs. crack mouth opening displacement curves. The curves belonging to cross-sections of a similar fiber density in the shear and flexural cases allowed for the proposal of a normalized crack-dilatancy relation composed of three stages of the crack propagation. In addition, a trilinear crack width–slip relation was established using the same set of specimens. The relevancy of this proposal is that the shear response can be estimated from a widely accepted standardized flexural test, which demands a simpler instrumentation and is also easier to execute than the shear setup. |
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| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:43:01Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-dd5e39100ba24258b0a9eedbe9f567592023-11-24T11:25:41ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-11-011523828610.3390/ma15238286Relation between Shear Stresses and Flexural Tensile Stresses from Standardized Tests of Extracted Prismatic Specimens of an SFRC Bridge GirderAlfredo Quiroga Flores0Rodolfo Giacomim Mendes de Andrade1Michèle Schubert Pfeil2Joaquim A. O. Barros3Ronaldo Carvalho Battista4Olga Maria Oliveira de Araújo5Ricardo Tadeu Lopes6Romildo Dias Toledo Filho7Civil Engineering Department, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, BrazilBuildings and Civil Engineering Department, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29040-780, BrazilCivil Engineering Department, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, BrazilISISE, Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalCivil Engineering Department, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, BrazilNuclear Engineering Program, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, BrazilNuclear Engineering Program, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, BrazilCivil Engineering Department, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, BrazilExperimental research on the direct shear behavior of fiber-reinforced concrete is often carried out using prisms molded with specific dimensions for a standardized test. However, the flow of fresh concrete in these molds can be different than in the case of a full-scale structural element. This is important considering that the flow direction highly influences the distribution and orientation of fibers. In addition, most of the studies did not relate their shear results to other mechanical properties. In contrast, this study attempted to deepen the experimental knowledge of the crack propagation of a steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) used in a full-scale prototype of a bridge box girder built in the laboratory. Prismatic specimens were sawn from webs and top flanges of this prototype. Serving as references, additional specimens were molded in wooden boxes. In a previous study of our research group, both had been tested under a three-point notched bending configuration maintaining test conditions proportional to the EN14651 specifications. From each of the previously flexurally tested specimens, two prismatic specimens suitable for the Fédération Internationale de la Précontrainte (FIP) shear test setup were extracted by adopting a cutting methodology that avoided the damage induced by the flexural tests to be part of the FIP specimens. These FIP specimens were tested in almost pure shear loading conditions for assessing the performance of SFRC. Computer tomography images and photos of the shear failure faces were used to determine the distribution and density of fibers. The results demonstrated that the peak loads were proportional to the fiber density at the shear failure section. Assuming that the SFRC conditions of the webs were representative of a common batching procedure in the construction industry, the results from the tests in specimens extracted from these webs were adopted to establish shear stress/flexural tensile stress ratios vs. crack mouth opening displacement curves. The curves belonging to cross-sections of a similar fiber density in the shear and flexural cases allowed for the proposal of a normalized crack-dilatancy relation composed of three stages of the crack propagation. In addition, a trilinear crack width–slip relation was established using the same set of specimens. The relevancy of this proposal is that the shear response can be estimated from a widely accepted standardized flexural test, which demands a simpler instrumentation and is also easier to execute than the shear setup.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8286shear behaviorsteel fiber-reinforced concretebox girderfiber distribution |
| spellingShingle | Alfredo Quiroga Flores Rodolfo Giacomim Mendes de Andrade Michèle Schubert Pfeil Joaquim A. O. Barros Ronaldo Carvalho Battista Olga Maria Oliveira de Araújo Ricardo Tadeu Lopes Romildo Dias Toledo Filho Relation between Shear Stresses and Flexural Tensile Stresses from Standardized Tests of Extracted Prismatic Specimens of an SFRC Bridge Girder Materials shear behavior steel fiber-reinforced concrete box girder fiber distribution |
| title | Relation between Shear Stresses and Flexural Tensile Stresses from Standardized Tests of Extracted Prismatic Specimens of an SFRC Bridge Girder |
| title_full | Relation between Shear Stresses and Flexural Tensile Stresses from Standardized Tests of Extracted Prismatic Specimens of an SFRC Bridge Girder |
| title_fullStr | Relation between Shear Stresses and Flexural Tensile Stresses from Standardized Tests of Extracted Prismatic Specimens of an SFRC Bridge Girder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relation between Shear Stresses and Flexural Tensile Stresses from Standardized Tests of Extracted Prismatic Specimens of an SFRC Bridge Girder |
| title_short | Relation between Shear Stresses and Flexural Tensile Stresses from Standardized Tests of Extracted Prismatic Specimens of an SFRC Bridge Girder |
| title_sort | relation between shear stresses and flexural tensile stresses from standardized tests of extracted prismatic specimens of an sfrc bridge girder |
| topic | shear behavior steel fiber-reinforced concrete box girder fiber distribution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8286 |
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