Inherent Limitations of Smartphone GNSS Positioning and Effective Methods to Increase the Accuracy Utilizing Dual-Frequency Measurements
Xiaomi Mi8 with a Broadcom BCM47755 chip, an Android smartphone that supports multi-constellation (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, and QZSS) and dual-frequency (L1/E1 and L5/E5), was launched in May 2018. Unlike previously released smartphones, it was technically expected to provide robust precise po...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9879 |
| _version_ | 1797455338477191168 |
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| author | Jeonghyeon Yun Cheolsoon Lim Byungwoon Park |
| author_facet | Jeonghyeon Yun Cheolsoon Lim Byungwoon Park |
| author_sort | Jeonghyeon Yun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Xiaomi Mi8 with a Broadcom BCM47755 chip, an Android smartphone that supports multi-constellation (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, and QZSS) and dual-frequency (L1/E1 and L5/E5), was launched in May 2018. Unlike previously released smartphones, it was technically expected to provide robust precise positioning with a fast ambiguity resolution, which led many researchers to be overly optimistic about the applicability of high-accuracy techniques such as real-time kinematic (RTK) systems and precise point positioning (PPP) of smartphones. The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) raw measurement quality of Android smartphones is, however, inherently far lower than that of general GNSS receivers due to their structure, which accordingly makes it difficult for them to be realized. Considering inherent limitations of smartphones such as low-quality antenna, frequent cycle slips, and the duty cycle, a practical strategy including L5 measurements, pseudo-range corrections for L5, and a weighting method is proposed in this paper. The results show that the proposed methods of L5 differential GNSS (DGNSS) and Doppler-based filtering can guarantee a positioning accuracy of 1.75 m horizontally and 4.56 m vertically in an Android device, which is comparable to the performance of commercial low-cost receivers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:52:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dd65839425cf444fb15e5f6a4c7eee5e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:52:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-dd65839425cf444fb15e5f6a4c7eee5e2023-11-24T17:56:48ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-12-012224987910.3390/s22249879Inherent Limitations of Smartphone GNSS Positioning and Effective Methods to Increase the Accuracy Utilizing Dual-Frequency MeasurementsJeonghyeon Yun0Cheolsoon Lim1Byungwoon Park2Department of Aerospace Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Aerospace Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Aerospace Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of KoreaXiaomi Mi8 with a Broadcom BCM47755 chip, an Android smartphone that supports multi-constellation (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, and QZSS) and dual-frequency (L1/E1 and L5/E5), was launched in May 2018. Unlike previously released smartphones, it was technically expected to provide robust precise positioning with a fast ambiguity resolution, which led many researchers to be overly optimistic about the applicability of high-accuracy techniques such as real-time kinematic (RTK) systems and precise point positioning (PPP) of smartphones. The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) raw measurement quality of Android smartphones is, however, inherently far lower than that of general GNSS receivers due to their structure, which accordingly makes it difficult for them to be realized. Considering inherent limitations of smartphones such as low-quality antenna, frequent cycle slips, and the duty cycle, a practical strategy including L5 measurements, pseudo-range corrections for L5, and a weighting method is proposed in this paper. The results show that the proposed methods of L5 differential GNSS (DGNSS) and Doppler-based filtering can guarantee a positioning accuracy of 1.75 m horizontally and 4.56 m vertically in an Android device, which is comparable to the performance of commercial low-cost receivers.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9879AndroidsmartphoneGNSSL1/L5 dual-frequencySBASXiaomi Mi8 |
| spellingShingle | Jeonghyeon Yun Cheolsoon Lim Byungwoon Park Inherent Limitations of Smartphone GNSS Positioning and Effective Methods to Increase the Accuracy Utilizing Dual-Frequency Measurements Sensors Android smartphone GNSS L1/L5 dual-frequency SBAS Xiaomi Mi8 |
| title | Inherent Limitations of Smartphone GNSS Positioning and Effective Methods to Increase the Accuracy Utilizing Dual-Frequency Measurements |
| title_full | Inherent Limitations of Smartphone GNSS Positioning and Effective Methods to Increase the Accuracy Utilizing Dual-Frequency Measurements |
| title_fullStr | Inherent Limitations of Smartphone GNSS Positioning and Effective Methods to Increase the Accuracy Utilizing Dual-Frequency Measurements |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inherent Limitations of Smartphone GNSS Positioning and Effective Methods to Increase the Accuracy Utilizing Dual-Frequency Measurements |
| title_short | Inherent Limitations of Smartphone GNSS Positioning and Effective Methods to Increase the Accuracy Utilizing Dual-Frequency Measurements |
| title_sort | inherent limitations of smartphone gnss positioning and effective methods to increase the accuracy utilizing dual frequency measurements |
| topic | Android smartphone GNSS L1/L5 dual-frequency SBAS Xiaomi Mi8 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9879 |
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