The potential of biofuels from first to fourth generation.
The steady increase in human population and a rising standard of living heighten global demand for energy. Fossil fuels account for more than three-quarters of energy production, releasing enormous amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) that drive climate change effects as well as contributing to severe ai...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-03-01
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| Series: | PLoS Biology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002063 |
| _version_ | 1797848208634806272 |
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| author | Philipp Cavelius Selina Engelhart-Straub Norbert Mehlmer Johannes Lercher Dania Awad Thomas Brück |
| author_facet | Philipp Cavelius Selina Engelhart-Straub Norbert Mehlmer Johannes Lercher Dania Awad Thomas Brück |
| author_sort | Philipp Cavelius |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The steady increase in human population and a rising standard of living heighten global demand for energy. Fossil fuels account for more than three-quarters of energy production, releasing enormous amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) that drive climate change effects as well as contributing to severe air pollution in many countries. Hence, drastic reduction of CO2 emissions, especially from fossil fuels, is essential to tackle anthropogenic climate change. To reduce CO2 emissions and to cope with the ever-growing demand for energy, it is essential to develop renewable energy sources, of which biofuels will form an important contribution. In this Essay, liquid biofuels from first to fourth generation are discussed in detail alongside their industrial development and policy implications, with a focus on the transport sector as a complementary solution to other environmentally friendly technologies, such as electric cars. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T18:24:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dd7a8331e8b6429c8e0033372e34d90c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1544-9173 1545-7885 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T18:24:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-dd7a8331e8b6429c8e0033372e34d90c2023-04-12T05:30:40ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Biology1544-91731545-78852023-03-01213e300206310.1371/journal.pbio.3002063The potential of biofuels from first to fourth generation.Philipp CaveliusSelina Engelhart-StraubNorbert MehlmerJohannes LercherDania AwadThomas BrückThe steady increase in human population and a rising standard of living heighten global demand for energy. Fossil fuels account for more than three-quarters of energy production, releasing enormous amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) that drive climate change effects as well as contributing to severe air pollution in many countries. Hence, drastic reduction of CO2 emissions, especially from fossil fuels, is essential to tackle anthropogenic climate change. To reduce CO2 emissions and to cope with the ever-growing demand for energy, it is essential to develop renewable energy sources, of which biofuels will form an important contribution. In this Essay, liquid biofuels from first to fourth generation are discussed in detail alongside their industrial development and policy implications, with a focus on the transport sector as a complementary solution to other environmentally friendly technologies, such as electric cars.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002063 |
| spellingShingle | Philipp Cavelius Selina Engelhart-Straub Norbert Mehlmer Johannes Lercher Dania Awad Thomas Brück The potential of biofuels from first to fourth generation. PLoS Biology |
| title | The potential of biofuels from first to fourth generation. |
| title_full | The potential of biofuels from first to fourth generation. |
| title_fullStr | The potential of biofuels from first to fourth generation. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The potential of biofuels from first to fourth generation. |
| title_short | The potential of biofuels from first to fourth generation. |
| title_sort | potential of biofuels from first to fourth generation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002063 |
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