Manusia Dan Kesempurnaannya (Telaah Psikologi Transendental Mullā Shadrā)
Abstract : Mullā Ṣadrā is one of the philosophers who had considerable attention to the study of human. His view concerning the human soul and its perfection can be applied as the basis of Islamic principles of psychology. Under the investigation on his philosophical writtings as well as his Qurani...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Sadra
2015-12-01
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| Series: | Kanz Philosophia: A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.sadra.ac.id/index.php/kanzphilosophia/article/view/136 |
| Summary: | Abstract : Mullā Ṣadrā is one of the philosophers who had considerable attention to the study of human. His view concerning the human soul and its perfection can be applied as the basis of Islamic principles of psychology. Under the investigation on his philosophical writtings as well as his Quranic interpretation, such as Tafsīr al-Qur’ān, we are invited to understand human nature and its perfection. This article shows Ṣadra’s view about the value of knowledge as the basis of the achievement of happiness in human being. This paper also intended to show that knowledge about the reality of the human soul has a major influence on moral action of an individual.
Keywords : transcendental psychology, substantial motion (al-harakah al-jawhariyah), ignorance (jahl), theoretical reason (nazari), practical reason (‘amali), intellectual faculty, animal faculty, lust and anger (amarah).
Mullā Shadrā merupakan salah satu filsuf yang memberikan perhatian yang besar pada kajian tentang manusia. Beberapa pandangannya tentang jiwa manusia dan kesempurnaannya bisa dijadikan sebagai basis prinsip-prinsip psikologi Islam. Melalui penelusuran terhadap beberapa karya filsafatnya termasuk juga kitab tafsirnya seperti Tafsīr al-Qur’ān al-Karīm, kita diajak untuk memahami hakikat manusia dan kesempurnaannya.Tulisan ini menunjukkan pandangan Shadrā tentang nilai pengetahuan sebagai basis capaian kesempurnaan jiwa dan puncak kebahagiaan manusia. Tulisan ini juga ditujukan untuk menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan tentang realitas jiwa manusia memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap tindakan moral seorang individu.
Kata-kata kunci : psikologi transendental, gerak substansi (al-harakah al-jawhariyah), kebodohan (jahl), akal teoritis (nazhari), akal praktis (‘amali), daya intelektual, daya hewaniyah, syahwat dan amarah. |
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| ISSN: | 2442-5451 2407-1056 |