Effect of acute moderate-intensity cycling on cfDNA levels considering menstrual cycle phases
IntroductionWe aimed to determine the effects of exercise on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) levels and concentration changes during the menstrual cycle in participants with regular menstrual cycles and no exercise habits.MethodsEleven sedentary female students with regular menstrual cycles and ovulation perf...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Sports and Active Living |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2024.1322295/full |
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| author | Akemi Sawai Akemi Sawai Takashi Shida Takashi Shida Yoshihiro Hoshikawa Sho Hatanaka Mashiro Ueda Yuri Kato Katsuyuki Tokinoya Katsuyuki Tokinoya Hiroaki Natsui Yasushi Kawakami Kazuhiro Takekoshi |
| author_facet | Akemi Sawai Akemi Sawai Takashi Shida Takashi Shida Yoshihiro Hoshikawa Sho Hatanaka Mashiro Ueda Yuri Kato Katsuyuki Tokinoya Katsuyuki Tokinoya Hiroaki Natsui Yasushi Kawakami Kazuhiro Takekoshi |
| author_sort | Akemi Sawai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionWe aimed to determine the effects of exercise on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) levels and concentration changes during the menstrual cycle in participants with regular menstrual cycles and no exercise habits.MethodsEleven sedentary female students with regular menstrual cycles and ovulation performed bicycle exercises at 60% VO2max for 30 min during the menstrual, ovulatory, and luteal phases. Blood samples were collected before (Pre), immediately after (Post 0), 30 min after (Post 30), and 60 min after (Post 60) exercise. Blood concentrations of ovarian hormones, cfDNA, prostaglandin F2a (PGF2α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and aromatase were evaluated.ResultsBased on the concentration of ovarian hormones, seven individuals were finally analyzed. No significant phase difference was observed in cfDNA across all time points. cfDNA (menstrual phase: p = 0.028, ovulatory phase: p = 0.018, and luteal phase: p = 0.048) and aromatase concentrations (menstrual phase: p = 0.040, ovulatory phase: p = 0.039, and luteal phase: p = 0.045) significantly increased from Pre to Post 0 in all phases. Serum estradiol (E2) levels were significantly higher in the luteal phase at all time points than in the menstrual phase (Pre: p < 0.001, Post 0: p < 0.001, Post 30: p = 0.005, and Post 60: p = 0.011); however, serum progesterone (P4) levels were significantly higher in the luteal phase at all time points than in the menstrual (Pre: p < 0.001, Post 0: p < 0.001, Post 30: p < 0.001, and Post 60: p < 0.001) and ovulatory phases (Pre: p = 0.005, Post 0: p = 0.005, Post 30: p = 0.003, and Post 60: p = 0.003). E2 levels significantly increased from Pre to Post 0 in the ovulatory and luteal phases, whereas P4 levels increased in the luteal phase. Progesterone to estradiol level ratio (P4/E2) changes from Pre to Post 0 (%baseline) during the luteal phase were significantly negatively correlated (r = −0.82, p = 0.046) with the changes in cfDNA from Pre to Post 0. Furthermore, the repeated measures correlation between P4/E2 and cfDNA level showed a significant negative correlation in ovulatory and luteal phases.DiscussionThe results indicate that while resting cfDNA levels are unlikely to be affected by a woman's menstrual cycle, the increase in cfDNA after exercise is higher in the ovulatory phase (when only E2 increases) and lower in the luteal phase (when E2 and P4 increase with exercise) compared to that in the menstrual phase (when E2 and P4 are in low levels), suggesting the contribution of increased ovarian hormone levels after exercise. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:15:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dd89554e18dd4d64bcfb69313ed4eebd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2624-9367 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:15:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Sports and Active Living |
| spelling | doaj.art-dd89554e18dd4d64bcfb69313ed4eebd2024-01-29T04:29:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sports and Active Living2624-93672024-01-01610.3389/fspor.2024.13222951322295Effect of acute moderate-intensity cycling on cfDNA levels considering menstrual cycle phasesAkemi Sawai0Akemi Sawai1Takashi Shida2Takashi Shida3Yoshihiro Hoshikawa4Sho Hatanaka5Mashiro Ueda6Yuri Kato7Katsuyuki Tokinoya8Katsuyuki Tokinoya9Hiroaki Natsui10Yasushi Kawakami11Kazuhiro Takekoshi12Research Institute of Physical Fitness, Japan Women’s College of Physical Education, Setagaya City, JapanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, JapanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, JapanResearch Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi City, JapanDepartment of Sports Science, Japan Women’s College of Physical Education, Setagaya City, JapanResearch Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi City, JapanMaster’s Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, JapanMaster’s Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, JapanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, JapanEmbodied Wisdom Division, Center for Liberal Education and Learning, Sophia University, Chiyoda City, JapanDepartment of Sports and Health Science, Japan Women’s College of Physical Education, Setagaya City, JapanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, JapanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, JapanIntroductionWe aimed to determine the effects of exercise on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) levels and concentration changes during the menstrual cycle in participants with regular menstrual cycles and no exercise habits.MethodsEleven sedentary female students with regular menstrual cycles and ovulation performed bicycle exercises at 60% VO2max for 30 min during the menstrual, ovulatory, and luteal phases. Blood samples were collected before (Pre), immediately after (Post 0), 30 min after (Post 30), and 60 min after (Post 60) exercise. Blood concentrations of ovarian hormones, cfDNA, prostaglandin F2a (PGF2α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and aromatase were evaluated.ResultsBased on the concentration of ovarian hormones, seven individuals were finally analyzed. No significant phase difference was observed in cfDNA across all time points. cfDNA (menstrual phase: p = 0.028, ovulatory phase: p = 0.018, and luteal phase: p = 0.048) and aromatase concentrations (menstrual phase: p = 0.040, ovulatory phase: p = 0.039, and luteal phase: p = 0.045) significantly increased from Pre to Post 0 in all phases. Serum estradiol (E2) levels were significantly higher in the luteal phase at all time points than in the menstrual phase (Pre: p < 0.001, Post 0: p < 0.001, Post 30: p = 0.005, and Post 60: p = 0.011); however, serum progesterone (P4) levels were significantly higher in the luteal phase at all time points than in the menstrual (Pre: p < 0.001, Post 0: p < 0.001, Post 30: p < 0.001, and Post 60: p < 0.001) and ovulatory phases (Pre: p = 0.005, Post 0: p = 0.005, Post 30: p = 0.003, and Post 60: p = 0.003). E2 levels significantly increased from Pre to Post 0 in the ovulatory and luteal phases, whereas P4 levels increased in the luteal phase. Progesterone to estradiol level ratio (P4/E2) changes from Pre to Post 0 (%baseline) during the luteal phase were significantly negatively correlated (r = −0.82, p = 0.046) with the changes in cfDNA from Pre to Post 0. Furthermore, the repeated measures correlation between P4/E2 and cfDNA level showed a significant negative correlation in ovulatory and luteal phases.DiscussionThe results indicate that while resting cfDNA levels are unlikely to be affected by a woman's menstrual cycle, the increase in cfDNA after exercise is higher in the ovulatory phase (when only E2 increases) and lower in the luteal phase (when E2 and P4 increase with exercise) compared to that in the menstrual phase (when E2 and P4 are in low levels), suggesting the contribution of increased ovarian hormone levels after exercise.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2024.1322295/fullcfDNAmenstrual cycleexerciseovulationprogesterone |
| spellingShingle | Akemi Sawai Akemi Sawai Takashi Shida Takashi Shida Yoshihiro Hoshikawa Sho Hatanaka Mashiro Ueda Yuri Kato Katsuyuki Tokinoya Katsuyuki Tokinoya Hiroaki Natsui Yasushi Kawakami Kazuhiro Takekoshi Effect of acute moderate-intensity cycling on cfDNA levels considering menstrual cycle phases Frontiers in Sports and Active Living cfDNA menstrual cycle exercise ovulation progesterone |
| title | Effect of acute moderate-intensity cycling on cfDNA levels considering menstrual cycle phases |
| title_full | Effect of acute moderate-intensity cycling on cfDNA levels considering menstrual cycle phases |
| title_fullStr | Effect of acute moderate-intensity cycling on cfDNA levels considering menstrual cycle phases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of acute moderate-intensity cycling on cfDNA levels considering menstrual cycle phases |
| title_short | Effect of acute moderate-intensity cycling on cfDNA levels considering menstrual cycle phases |
| title_sort | effect of acute moderate intensity cycling on cfdna levels considering menstrual cycle phases |
| topic | cfDNA menstrual cycle exercise ovulation progesterone |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2024.1322295/full |
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