Multiple roles of Toll-like receptor 4 in colorectal cancer
Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling has been implicated in the inflammatory responses in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Such inflammatory signals mediate complex interactions between commensal bacteria and TLRs and are required for IEC proliferation, immune response, repair, and homeostasis. The...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00334/full |
| _version_ | 1819020769192050688 |
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| author | Dhanusha eYesudhas Vijayakumar eGosu Muhammad Ayaz eAnwar Sangdun eChoi |
| author_facet | Dhanusha eYesudhas Vijayakumar eGosu Muhammad Ayaz eAnwar Sangdun eChoi |
| author_sort | Dhanusha eYesudhas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling has been implicated in the inflammatory responses in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Such inflammatory signals mediate complex interactions between commensal bacteria and TLRs and are required for IEC proliferation, immune response, repair, and homeostasis. The upregulation of certain TLRs in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues suggests that TLRs may play an essential role in the prognosis of chronic and inflammatory diseases that ultimately culminate in CRC. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the involvement of the TLR pathway in the initiation, progression and metastasis of CRC, as well as inherited genetic variation and epigenetic regulation. The differential expression of TLRs in epithelial cells has also been discussed. In particular, we emphasize the physiological role of TLR4 in CRC development and pathogenesis, and propose novel and promising approaches for CRC therapeutics with the aid of TLR ligands. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T03:56:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dda22287dd14403e85976d659df2336e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T03:56:28Z |
| publishDate | 2014-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-dda22287dd14403e85976d659df2336e2022-12-21T19:16:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242014-07-01510.3389/fimmu.2014.0033496362Multiple roles of Toll-like receptor 4 in colorectal cancerDhanusha eYesudhas0Vijayakumar eGosu1Muhammad Ayaz eAnwar2Sangdun eChoi3Ajou UniversityAjou UniversityAjou UniversityAjou UniversityToll-like receptor (TLR) signaling has been implicated in the inflammatory responses in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Such inflammatory signals mediate complex interactions between commensal bacteria and TLRs and are required for IEC proliferation, immune response, repair, and homeostasis. The upregulation of certain TLRs in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues suggests that TLRs may play an essential role in the prognosis of chronic and inflammatory diseases that ultimately culminate in CRC. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the involvement of the TLR pathway in the initiation, progression and metastasis of CRC, as well as inherited genetic variation and epigenetic regulation. The differential expression of TLRs in epithelial cells has also been discussed. In particular, we emphasize the physiological role of TLR4 in CRC development and pathogenesis, and propose novel and promising approaches for CRC therapeutics with the aid of TLR ligands.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00334/fullInflammationToll-Like Receptor 4immune responsecolorectal cancerLigand |
| spellingShingle | Dhanusha eYesudhas Vijayakumar eGosu Muhammad Ayaz eAnwar Sangdun eChoi Multiple roles of Toll-like receptor 4 in colorectal cancer Frontiers in Immunology Inflammation Toll-Like Receptor 4 immune response colorectal cancer Ligand |
| title | Multiple roles of Toll-like receptor 4 in colorectal cancer |
| title_full | Multiple roles of Toll-like receptor 4 in colorectal cancer |
| title_fullStr | Multiple roles of Toll-like receptor 4 in colorectal cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiple roles of Toll-like receptor 4 in colorectal cancer |
| title_short | Multiple roles of Toll-like receptor 4 in colorectal cancer |
| title_sort | multiple roles of toll like receptor 4 in colorectal cancer |
| topic | Inflammation Toll-Like Receptor 4 immune response colorectal cancer Ligand |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00334/full |
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