Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Three Root Exudates from Mulberry Seedlings against <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i>
Bacterial wilt is a significant soil-borne disease that poses a threat to mulberry production yield and quality of agricultural production worldwide. However, the disease resistance mechanisms dependent on root exudates are not well understood. In this present study, we investigated the antibacteria...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/4/482 |
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| author | Ping Li Siyi Wang Mengyuan Liu Xue Dai Huicong Shi Weihong Zhou Sheng Sheng Fuan Wu |
| author_facet | Ping Li Siyi Wang Mengyuan Liu Xue Dai Huicong Shi Weihong Zhou Sheng Sheng Fuan Wu |
| author_sort | Ping Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bacterial wilt is a significant soil-borne disease that poses a threat to mulberry production yield and quality of agricultural production worldwide. However, the disease resistance mechanisms dependent on root exudates are not well understood. In this present study, we investigated the antibacterial mechanisms of the main active substances (erucamide, oleamide, and camphor bromide) present in mulberry root exudates (MRE) against <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i> (<i>Rp</i>), the causal agent of bacterial wilt. Our findings revealed that these three active substances inhibited the growth activity of <i>Rp</i> by affecting the cell morphology and extracellular polysaccharide content, as well as triggering a burst of reactive oxygen species. The active substances induced oxidative stress, leading to a decrease in <i>Rp</i> growth. Additionally, the expression levels of key genes in the hrp gene cluster (<i>hrpB</i>, <i>hrpX</i>, and <i>hrpF</i>) and other virulence-related genes (such as <i>ripAW</i>, <i>ripAE</i>, <i>Rs5-4819</i>, <i>Rs5-4374</i>, <i>ace</i>, <i>egl3</i>, and <i>pehB</i>) were significantly reduced upon treatment with the active substances. Further pathogenicity experiments demonstrated that root exudates (at a concentration of 1.5 mg·mL<sup>−1</sup>) delayed or slowed down the occurrence of bacterial wilt in mulberry. These findings provide valuable insight into the antimicrobial mechanisms of MRE against <i>Rp</i> and lay a theoretical foundation for the development and application of biocontrol agents to control mulberry bacterial wilt. |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-ddc4e7a6512f4ffabbdf410d10f2cfc02024-02-23T15:31:51ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-02-0113448210.3390/plants13040482Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Three Root Exudates from Mulberry Seedlings against <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i>Ping Li0Siyi Wang1Mengyuan Liu2Xue Dai3Huicong Shi4Weihong Zhou5Sheng Sheng6Fuan Wu7Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, ChinaBacterial wilt is a significant soil-borne disease that poses a threat to mulberry production yield and quality of agricultural production worldwide. However, the disease resistance mechanisms dependent on root exudates are not well understood. In this present study, we investigated the antibacterial mechanisms of the main active substances (erucamide, oleamide, and camphor bromide) present in mulberry root exudates (MRE) against <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i> (<i>Rp</i>), the causal agent of bacterial wilt. Our findings revealed that these three active substances inhibited the growth activity of <i>Rp</i> by affecting the cell morphology and extracellular polysaccharide content, as well as triggering a burst of reactive oxygen species. The active substances induced oxidative stress, leading to a decrease in <i>Rp</i> growth. Additionally, the expression levels of key genes in the hrp gene cluster (<i>hrpB</i>, <i>hrpX</i>, and <i>hrpF</i>) and other virulence-related genes (such as <i>ripAW</i>, <i>ripAE</i>, <i>Rs5-4819</i>, <i>Rs5-4374</i>, <i>ace</i>, <i>egl3</i>, and <i>pehB</i>) were significantly reduced upon treatment with the active substances. Further pathogenicity experiments demonstrated that root exudates (at a concentration of 1.5 mg·mL<sup>−1</sup>) delayed or slowed down the occurrence of bacterial wilt in mulberry. These findings provide valuable insight into the antimicrobial mechanisms of MRE against <i>Rp</i> and lay a theoretical foundation for the development and application of biocontrol agents to control mulberry bacterial wilt.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/4/482bacterial wiltbiological controlmulberryroot exudates<i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i> |
| spellingShingle | Ping Li Siyi Wang Mengyuan Liu Xue Dai Huicong Shi Weihong Zhou Sheng Sheng Fuan Wu Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Three Root Exudates from Mulberry Seedlings against <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i> Plants bacterial wilt biological control mulberry root exudates <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i> |
| title | Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Three Root Exudates from Mulberry Seedlings against <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i> |
| title_full | Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Three Root Exudates from Mulberry Seedlings against <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i> |
| title_fullStr | Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Three Root Exudates from Mulberry Seedlings against <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Three Root Exudates from Mulberry Seedlings against <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i> |
| title_short | Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Three Root Exudates from Mulberry Seedlings against <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i> |
| title_sort | antibacterial activity and mechanism of three root exudates from mulberry seedlings against i ralstonia pseudosolanacearum i |
| topic | bacterial wilt biological control mulberry root exudates <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/4/482 |
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