Response of Gross Mineralization and Nitrification Rates to Banana Cultivation Sites Converted from Natural Forest in Subtropical China
Evaluations of gross mineralization (M<sub>Norg</sub>) and nitrification (O<sub>NH4</sub>) can be used to evaluate the supply capacity of inorganic N, which is crucial in determining appropriate N fertilizer application. However, the relevant research for banana plantations t...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/4/376 |
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| author | Xinghua Qin Cheng Yang Lin Yang Erdeng Ma Lei Meng Tongbin Zhu |
| author_facet | Xinghua Qin Cheng Yang Lin Yang Erdeng Ma Lei Meng Tongbin Zhu |
| author_sort | Xinghua Qin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Evaluations of gross mineralization (M<sub>Norg</sub>) and nitrification (O<sub>NH4</sub>) can be used to evaluate the supply capacity of inorganic N, which is crucial in determining appropriate N fertilizer application. However, the relevant research for banana plantations to date is limited. In this study, natural forest and banana plantations with different cultivation ages (3, 7, 10, and 22 y) were chosen in a subtropical region, and the <sup>15</sup>N dilution technique was used to determine the gross M<sub>Norg</sub> and O<sub>NH4</sub> rates. The objective was to evaluate the effect of the conversion of natural forests to banana plantations on inorganic N supply capacity (M<sub>Norg</sub> + O<sub>NH4</sub>) and other relevant factors. Compared to other natural forests in tropical and subtropical regions reported on by previous studies, the natural forest in this study was characterized by a relatively low M<sub>Norg</sub> rate and a high O<sub>NH4</sub> rate in the soil, resulting in the presence of inorganic N dominated by nitrate. Compared to the natural forest, 3 y banana cultivation increased the M<sub>Norg</sub> and O<sub>NH4</sub> rates and inorganic N availability in the soil, but these rates were significantly reduced with prolonged banana cultivation. Furthermore, the mean residence times of ammonium and nitrate were shorter in the 3 y than in the 7, 10, and 22 y banana plantations, indicating a reduced turnover of ammonium and nitrate in soil subjected to long-term banana cultivation. In addition, the conversion of natural forest to banana plantation reduced the soil organic carbon (SOC), total N and calcium concentrations, as well as water holding capacity (WHC), cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), and pH, more obviously in soils subjected to long-term banana cultivation. The M<sub>Norg</sub> and O<sub>NH4</sub> rates were significantly and positively related to the SOC and TN concentrations, as well as the WHC and CEC, suggesting that the decline in soil quality after long-term banana cultivation could significantly inhibit M<sub>Norg</sub> and O<sub>NH4</sub> rates, thus reducing inorganic N supply and turnover. Increasing the amount of soil organic matter may be an effective measure for stimulating N cycling for long-term banana cultivation. |
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| issn | 2073-445X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:37:09Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ddde42d9eeb44e7cb01e7871789629f52023-11-21T14:12:59ZengMDPI AGLand2073-445X2021-04-0110437610.3390/land10040376Response of Gross Mineralization and Nitrification Rates to Banana Cultivation Sites Converted from Natural Forest in Subtropical ChinaXinghua Qin0Cheng Yang1Lin Yang2Erdeng Ma3Lei Meng4Tongbin Zhu5College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, ChinaGeological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210018, ChinaCollege of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, ChinaYunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650021, ChinaCollege of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, ChinaKey Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MRL, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, ChinaEvaluations of gross mineralization (M<sub>Norg</sub>) and nitrification (O<sub>NH4</sub>) can be used to evaluate the supply capacity of inorganic N, which is crucial in determining appropriate N fertilizer application. However, the relevant research for banana plantations to date is limited. In this study, natural forest and banana plantations with different cultivation ages (3, 7, 10, and 22 y) were chosen in a subtropical region, and the <sup>15</sup>N dilution technique was used to determine the gross M<sub>Norg</sub> and O<sub>NH4</sub> rates. The objective was to evaluate the effect of the conversion of natural forests to banana plantations on inorganic N supply capacity (M<sub>Norg</sub> + O<sub>NH4</sub>) and other relevant factors. Compared to other natural forests in tropical and subtropical regions reported on by previous studies, the natural forest in this study was characterized by a relatively low M<sub>Norg</sub> rate and a high O<sub>NH4</sub> rate in the soil, resulting in the presence of inorganic N dominated by nitrate. Compared to the natural forest, 3 y banana cultivation increased the M<sub>Norg</sub> and O<sub>NH4</sub> rates and inorganic N availability in the soil, but these rates were significantly reduced with prolonged banana cultivation. Furthermore, the mean residence times of ammonium and nitrate were shorter in the 3 y than in the 7, 10, and 22 y banana plantations, indicating a reduced turnover of ammonium and nitrate in soil subjected to long-term banana cultivation. In addition, the conversion of natural forest to banana plantation reduced the soil organic carbon (SOC), total N and calcium concentrations, as well as water holding capacity (WHC), cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), and pH, more obviously in soils subjected to long-term banana cultivation. The M<sub>Norg</sub> and O<sub>NH4</sub> rates were significantly and positively related to the SOC and TN concentrations, as well as the WHC and CEC, suggesting that the decline in soil quality after long-term banana cultivation could significantly inhibit M<sub>Norg</sub> and O<sub>NH4</sub> rates, thus reducing inorganic N supply and turnover. Increasing the amount of soil organic matter may be an effective measure for stimulating N cycling for long-term banana cultivation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/4/376banana plantation<sup>15</sup>N tracingmineralizationnitrificationinorganic N supply and turnover |
| spellingShingle | Xinghua Qin Cheng Yang Lin Yang Erdeng Ma Lei Meng Tongbin Zhu Response of Gross Mineralization and Nitrification Rates to Banana Cultivation Sites Converted from Natural Forest in Subtropical China Land banana plantation <sup>15</sup>N tracing mineralization nitrification inorganic N supply and turnover |
| title | Response of Gross Mineralization and Nitrification Rates to Banana Cultivation Sites Converted from Natural Forest in Subtropical China |
| title_full | Response of Gross Mineralization and Nitrification Rates to Banana Cultivation Sites Converted from Natural Forest in Subtropical China |
| title_fullStr | Response of Gross Mineralization and Nitrification Rates to Banana Cultivation Sites Converted from Natural Forest in Subtropical China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Response of Gross Mineralization and Nitrification Rates to Banana Cultivation Sites Converted from Natural Forest in Subtropical China |
| title_short | Response of Gross Mineralization and Nitrification Rates to Banana Cultivation Sites Converted from Natural Forest in Subtropical China |
| title_sort | response of gross mineralization and nitrification rates to banana cultivation sites converted from natural forest in subtropical china |
| topic | banana plantation <sup>15</sup>N tracing mineralization nitrification inorganic N supply and turnover |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/4/376 |
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