A critical discussion of the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) method to determine stress orientations within the crust
In recent years, the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) method has been used to detect faults and to determine main horizontal stress directions from variations in intensities and directional properties of electromagnetic emissions, which are assumed to be generated during micro-cracking. Based on a la...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2012-11-01
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| Series: | Solid Earth |
| Online Access: | http://www.solid-earth.net/3/401/2012/se-3-401-2012.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819018824248197120 |
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| author | M. Krumbholz M. Bock S. Burchardt U. Kelka A. Vollbrecht |
| author_facet | M. Krumbholz M. Bock S. Burchardt U. Kelka A. Vollbrecht |
| author_sort | M. Krumbholz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent years, the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) method has been used to detect faults and to determine main horizontal stress directions from variations in intensities and directional properties of electromagnetic emissions, which are assumed to be generated during micro-cracking. Based on a large data set taken from an area of about 250 000 km<sup>2</sup> in Northern Germany, Denmark, and southern Sweden with repeated measurements at one location during a time span of about 1.5 yr, the method was systematically tested. Reproducible observations of temporary changes in the signal patterns, as well as a strongly concentric spatial pattern of the main directions of the magnetic component of the EMR point to very low frequency (VLF) transmitters as the main source and hence raise serious concerns about the applicability of the method to determine recent crustal stresses. We conclude that the EMR method, at its current stage of development, does not allow determination of the main horizontal stress directions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T03:25:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dde74d9df6024614ac1adc7e6538ac2d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1869-9510 1869-9529 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T03:25:33Z |
| publishDate | 2012-11-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Solid Earth |
| spelling | doaj.art-dde74d9df6024614ac1adc7e6538ac2d2022-12-21T19:17:36ZengCopernicus PublicationsSolid Earth1869-95101869-95292012-11-013240141410.5194/se-3-401-2012A critical discussion of the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) method to determine stress orientations within the crustM. KrumbholzM. BockS. BurchardtU. KelkaA. VollbrechtIn recent years, the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) method has been used to detect faults and to determine main horizontal stress directions from variations in intensities and directional properties of electromagnetic emissions, which are assumed to be generated during micro-cracking. Based on a large data set taken from an area of about 250 000 km<sup>2</sup> in Northern Germany, Denmark, and southern Sweden with repeated measurements at one location during a time span of about 1.5 yr, the method was systematically tested. Reproducible observations of temporary changes in the signal patterns, as well as a strongly concentric spatial pattern of the main directions of the magnetic component of the EMR point to very low frequency (VLF) transmitters as the main source and hence raise serious concerns about the applicability of the method to determine recent crustal stresses. We conclude that the EMR method, at its current stage of development, does not allow determination of the main horizontal stress directions.http://www.solid-earth.net/3/401/2012/se-3-401-2012.pdf |
| spellingShingle | M. Krumbholz M. Bock S. Burchardt U. Kelka A. Vollbrecht A critical discussion of the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) method to determine stress orientations within the crust Solid Earth |
| title | A critical discussion of the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) method to determine stress orientations within the crust |
| title_full | A critical discussion of the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) method to determine stress orientations within the crust |
| title_fullStr | A critical discussion of the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) method to determine stress orientations within the crust |
| title_full_unstemmed | A critical discussion of the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) method to determine stress orientations within the crust |
| title_short | A critical discussion of the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) method to determine stress orientations within the crust |
| title_sort | critical discussion of the electromagnetic radiation emr method to determine stress orientations within the crust |
| url | http://www.solid-earth.net/3/401/2012/se-3-401-2012.pdf |
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