Measurement of High-Frequency Voltage Harmonics above 2 kHz in High-Voltage Networks
Large-scale renewable energy plants, flexible AC (alternating current) and high voltage DC (direct current) transmission systems, and modern consumer devices utilize power electronics that tend to increase harmonic emissions. Furthermore, such emissions are nowadays known to exceed the traditional 2...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/4/892 |
| _version_ | 1827343697536090112 |
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| author | Imanka Dewayalage Duane A. Robinson Sean Elphick Sarath Perera |
| author_facet | Imanka Dewayalage Duane A. Robinson Sean Elphick Sarath Perera |
| author_sort | Imanka Dewayalage |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Large-scale renewable energy plants, flexible AC (alternating current) and high voltage DC (direct current) transmission systems, and modern consumer devices utilize power electronics that tend to increase harmonic emissions. Furthermore, such emissions are nowadays known to exceed the traditional 2 kHz range typically considered for harmonic analysis. However, the accuracy of such harmonic measurements in medium and high voltage networks is questionable due to the lack of accuracy specifications for the respective instrument transformers that are being used in the measurement chain. Therefore, the motivation of this study is to review the existing techniques for measuring high-frequency voltage harmonics, i.e., those in the range 2–9 kHz, in medium-, high-, and extra high-voltage electricity networks, where most large-scale power electronic converters are being connected. Different transducer types are compared in terms of measurement accuracy. The reviewed literature indicates that some transducers can introduce errors due to their nonlinearities. The study also identifies the limitations of calibrating these transducers at frequencies above 2 kHz due to the unavailability of suitable sources capable of generating the required test waveforms. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the necessity for establishing accuracy limits for harmonic measurements above 2 kHz. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:34:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ddee717ec8b140a1a26d3cfdcfebd7bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:34:01Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-ddee717ec8b140a1a26d3cfdcfebd7bb2024-02-23T15:15:22ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732024-02-0117489210.3390/en17040892Measurement of High-Frequency Voltage Harmonics above 2 kHz in High-Voltage NetworksImanka Dewayalage0Duane A. Robinson1Sean Elphick2Sarath Perera3Australian Power Quality Research Centre, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, AustraliaAustralian Power Quality Research Centre, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, AustraliaAustralian Power Quality Research Centre, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, AustraliaAustralian Power Quality Research Centre, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, AustraliaLarge-scale renewable energy plants, flexible AC (alternating current) and high voltage DC (direct current) transmission systems, and modern consumer devices utilize power electronics that tend to increase harmonic emissions. Furthermore, such emissions are nowadays known to exceed the traditional 2 kHz range typically considered for harmonic analysis. However, the accuracy of such harmonic measurements in medium and high voltage networks is questionable due to the lack of accuracy specifications for the respective instrument transformers that are being used in the measurement chain. Therefore, the motivation of this study is to review the existing techniques for measuring high-frequency voltage harmonics, i.e., those in the range 2–9 kHz, in medium-, high-, and extra high-voltage electricity networks, where most large-scale power electronic converters are being connected. Different transducer types are compared in terms of measurement accuracy. The reviewed literature indicates that some transducers can introduce errors due to their nonlinearities. The study also identifies the limitations of calibrating these transducers at frequencies above 2 kHz due to the unavailability of suitable sources capable of generating the required test waveforms. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the necessity for establishing accuracy limits for harmonic measurements above 2 kHz.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/4/892power qualitymedium voltagehigh voltageextra high voltagehigh-frequency harmonicsinstrument voltage transformers |
| spellingShingle | Imanka Dewayalage Duane A. Robinson Sean Elphick Sarath Perera Measurement of High-Frequency Voltage Harmonics above 2 kHz in High-Voltage Networks Energies power quality medium voltage high voltage extra high voltage high-frequency harmonics instrument voltage transformers |
| title | Measurement of High-Frequency Voltage Harmonics above 2 kHz in High-Voltage Networks |
| title_full | Measurement of High-Frequency Voltage Harmonics above 2 kHz in High-Voltage Networks |
| title_fullStr | Measurement of High-Frequency Voltage Harmonics above 2 kHz in High-Voltage Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Measurement of High-Frequency Voltage Harmonics above 2 kHz in High-Voltage Networks |
| title_short | Measurement of High-Frequency Voltage Harmonics above 2 kHz in High-Voltage Networks |
| title_sort | measurement of high frequency voltage harmonics above 2 khz in high voltage networks |
| topic | power quality medium voltage high voltage extra high voltage high-frequency harmonics instrument voltage transformers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/4/892 |
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