Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo
Background: Vitiligo is a common chronic hypomelanotic skin disorder. An intricate pool of markers associated with a complex combination of biological and environmental factors is thought to be implicated in etiology. This study aims to investigate the most important markers associated with vitiligo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/18/5861 |
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| author | Asma Kassab Yassine Khalij Yosra Ayed Najla Dar-Odeh Amal A. Kokandi Meriam Denguezli Monia Youssef |
| author_facet | Asma Kassab Yassine Khalij Yosra Ayed Najla Dar-Odeh Amal A. Kokandi Meriam Denguezli Monia Youssef |
| author_sort | Asma Kassab |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Vitiligo is a common chronic hypomelanotic skin disorder. An intricate pool of markers associated with a complex combination of biological and environmental factors is thought to be implicated in etiology. This study aims to investigate the most important markers associated with vitiligo pathogenesis, including redox status, inflammation, and immune profile, in patients with vitiligo. Materials and Methods: The study included a total of 96 subjects: 30 patients with active non-segmental vitiligo, 30 patients with stable non-segmental vitiligo, and 36 controls. The vitiligo area severity index (VASI) and vitiligo disease activity score (VIDA) were determined. The following serum parameters were assessed: antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), catalase activity (CAT), glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase activity (GST), malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-15 (IL-15), and chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10). Results: The VASI score was not significantly different between active and stable vitiligo patients, as it was approximately 0.1. TAS, CAT, GPx, and GST were significantly lower in vitiligo patients compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05). They were also significantly lower in active vitiligo when compared to stable vitiligo (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, SOD levels were significantly higher in vitiligo patients than in controls and in the active vitiligo group than in the stable vitiligo group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). MDA and AOPP levels were significantly higher in patients with active and stable vitiligo compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, they did not significantly differ between active and stable vitiligo patients (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In both active and stable vitiligo, CRP and IL-15 were significantly higher than controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Whereas CRP was significantly higher in active (range = 2.0–7.2, mean = 4.46 ± 1.09) than in stable vitiligo (range = 1.6–6.7, mean = 3.75 ± 1.08) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-15 levels between active and stable vitiligo. In both active and stable vitiligo, CXCL9 and CXCL10 were significantly higher than controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and they were significantly higher in active than stable vitiligo (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Conclusions: In vitiligo, oxidative damage induces an increase in pro-inflammatory IL-15, which in turn promotes IFN-γ-inducible chemokines such as CXCL9 and CXCL10. Further, there seems to be a link between the VASI score and IL-15 levels. These data imply that inhibiting IL-15 could be a promising method for developing a potentially targeted treatment that suppresses the early interplay between oxidant stress and IL-15 keratinocyte production, as well as between resident and recirculating memory T cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:37:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ddef684a9e6a473dacd60473e566917c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:37:41Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-ddef684a9e6a473dacd60473e566917c2023-11-19T11:18:25ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-09-011218586110.3390/jcm12185861Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with VitiligoAsma Kassab0Yassine Khalij1Yosra Ayed2Najla Dar-Odeh3Amal A. Kokandi4Meriam Denguezli5Monia Youssef6Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, TunisiaBiochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, TunisiaDepartment of Fundamental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, TunisiaDepartment of Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, JordanDepartment of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Fundamental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, TunisiaDepartment of Dermatology, Hospital of Fattouma Bourguiba, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, TunisiaBackground: Vitiligo is a common chronic hypomelanotic skin disorder. An intricate pool of markers associated with a complex combination of biological and environmental factors is thought to be implicated in etiology. This study aims to investigate the most important markers associated with vitiligo pathogenesis, including redox status, inflammation, and immune profile, in patients with vitiligo. Materials and Methods: The study included a total of 96 subjects: 30 patients with active non-segmental vitiligo, 30 patients with stable non-segmental vitiligo, and 36 controls. The vitiligo area severity index (VASI) and vitiligo disease activity score (VIDA) were determined. The following serum parameters were assessed: antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), catalase activity (CAT), glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase activity (GST), malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-15 (IL-15), and chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10). Results: The VASI score was not significantly different between active and stable vitiligo patients, as it was approximately 0.1. TAS, CAT, GPx, and GST were significantly lower in vitiligo patients compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05). They were also significantly lower in active vitiligo when compared to stable vitiligo (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, SOD levels were significantly higher in vitiligo patients than in controls and in the active vitiligo group than in the stable vitiligo group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). MDA and AOPP levels were significantly higher in patients with active and stable vitiligo compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, they did not significantly differ between active and stable vitiligo patients (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In both active and stable vitiligo, CRP and IL-15 were significantly higher than controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Whereas CRP was significantly higher in active (range = 2.0–7.2, mean = 4.46 ± 1.09) than in stable vitiligo (range = 1.6–6.7, mean = 3.75 ± 1.08) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-15 levels between active and stable vitiligo. In both active and stable vitiligo, CXCL9 and CXCL10 were significantly higher than controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and they were significantly higher in active than stable vitiligo (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Conclusions: In vitiligo, oxidative damage induces an increase in pro-inflammatory IL-15, which in turn promotes IFN-γ-inducible chemokines such as CXCL9 and CXCL10. Further, there seems to be a link between the VASI score and IL-15 levels. These data imply that inhibiting IL-15 could be a promising method for developing a potentially targeted treatment that suppresses the early interplay between oxidant stress and IL-15 keratinocyte production, as well as between resident and recirculating memory T cells.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/18/5861vitiligooxidative stressantioxidant enzymesIL-15CXCL9CXCL10 |
| spellingShingle | Asma Kassab Yassine Khalij Yosra Ayed Najla Dar-Odeh Amal A. Kokandi Meriam Denguezli Monia Youssef Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo Journal of Clinical Medicine vitiligo oxidative stress antioxidant enzymes IL-15 CXCL9 CXCL10 |
| title | Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo |
| title_full | Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo |
| title_fullStr | Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo |
| title_short | Serum Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Vitiligo |
| title_sort | serum inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in patients with vitiligo |
| topic | vitiligo oxidative stress antioxidant enzymes IL-15 CXCL9 CXCL10 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/18/5861 |
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