Childhood modifiable risk factors and later life chronic kidney disease: a systematic review
Abstract Background Relationships between adulthood modifiable risk factors and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are well-established, but associations with childhood risk factors are unclear. This study systematically assesses the published evidence about childhood modifiable risk factors and adulthood...
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Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-06-01
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Series: | BMC Nephrology |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-023-03232-z |
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author | Conghui Liu Ye He Alison J. Venn Matthew D. Jose Jing Tian |
author_facet | Conghui Liu Ye He Alison J. Venn Matthew D. Jose Jing Tian |
author_sort | Conghui Liu |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Abstract Background Relationships between adulthood modifiable risk factors and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are well-established, but associations with childhood risk factors are unclear. This study systematically assesses the published evidence about childhood modifiable risk factors and adulthood CKD. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science to 6th May 2022. Articles were included if (1) they were population-based longitudinal studies, (2) exposures were potentially modifiable, for example through pharmacological or lifestyle modifications, including clinical conditions/measures (diabetes, blood pressure, adiposity, and dyslipidaemia); health behaviours (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, fitness, and poor nutrition); and socio-economic factors (socio-economic position), and occurred during childhood (ages 2–19 years), and (3) outcome was CKD or surrogate markers of CKD in adulthood (ages 20 years or older). Three reviewers independently extracted the data. Results 15,232 articles were identified after deduplication; 17 articles met the inclusion criteria, reporting childhood blood pressure (n = 8), adiposity (n = 4), type 2 diabetes (n = 1), socio-economic position (n = 1), famine (n = 1), cardiorespiratory fitness (n = 1), and a healthy lifestyle score (n = 1). The results suggested positive associations of childhood adiposity, type 2 diabetes, and low socio-economic position and cardiorespiratory fitness in females with CKD in adulthood. Findings were inconsistent on associations between childhood BP and CKD in adulthood. Childhood healthy lifestyle score and exposure to famine were not associated with risk of CKD in adulthood. Conclusions The limited evidence suggests childhood factors may contribute to the CKD risk in adulthood, particularly adiposity, type 2 diabetes, and low socio-economic position and cardiorespiratory fitness in females. Further high-quality community-based studies are needed with long-term follow-up and investigation of a broader range of modifiable risk factors. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:23:39Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-de021ae1081a422f928ebff430e589c9 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1471-2369 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:23:39Z |
publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
publisher | BMC |
record_format | Article |
series | BMC Nephrology |
spelling | doaj.art-de021ae1081a422f928ebff430e589c92023-06-25T11:11:22ZengBMCBMC Nephrology1471-23692023-06-0124111210.1186/s12882-023-03232-zChildhood modifiable risk factors and later life chronic kidney disease: a systematic reviewConghui Liu0Ye He1Alison J. Venn2Matthew D. Jose3Jing Tian4Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of TasmaniaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityMenzies Institute for Medical Research, University of TasmaniaSchool of Medicine, University of TasmaniaMenzies Institute for Medical Research, University of TasmaniaAbstract Background Relationships between adulthood modifiable risk factors and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are well-established, but associations with childhood risk factors are unclear. This study systematically assesses the published evidence about childhood modifiable risk factors and adulthood CKD. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science to 6th May 2022. Articles were included if (1) they were population-based longitudinal studies, (2) exposures were potentially modifiable, for example through pharmacological or lifestyle modifications, including clinical conditions/measures (diabetes, blood pressure, adiposity, and dyslipidaemia); health behaviours (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, fitness, and poor nutrition); and socio-economic factors (socio-economic position), and occurred during childhood (ages 2–19 years), and (3) outcome was CKD or surrogate markers of CKD in adulthood (ages 20 years or older). Three reviewers independently extracted the data. Results 15,232 articles were identified after deduplication; 17 articles met the inclusion criteria, reporting childhood blood pressure (n = 8), adiposity (n = 4), type 2 diabetes (n = 1), socio-economic position (n = 1), famine (n = 1), cardiorespiratory fitness (n = 1), and a healthy lifestyle score (n = 1). The results suggested positive associations of childhood adiposity, type 2 diabetes, and low socio-economic position and cardiorespiratory fitness in females with CKD in adulthood. Findings were inconsistent on associations between childhood BP and CKD in adulthood. Childhood healthy lifestyle score and exposure to famine were not associated with risk of CKD in adulthood. Conclusions The limited evidence suggests childhood factors may contribute to the CKD risk in adulthood, particularly adiposity, type 2 diabetes, and low socio-economic position and cardiorespiratory fitness in females. Further high-quality community-based studies are needed with long-term follow-up and investigation of a broader range of modifiable risk factors.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-023-03232-zChildhoodRisk factorsAdulthoodChronic kidney diseaseCohort studies |
spellingShingle | Conghui Liu Ye He Alison J. Venn Matthew D. Jose Jing Tian Childhood modifiable risk factors and later life chronic kidney disease: a systematic review BMC Nephrology Childhood Risk factors Adulthood Chronic kidney disease Cohort studies |
title | Childhood modifiable risk factors and later life chronic kidney disease: a systematic review |
title_full | Childhood modifiable risk factors and later life chronic kidney disease: a systematic review |
title_fullStr | Childhood modifiable risk factors and later life chronic kidney disease: a systematic review |
title_full_unstemmed | Childhood modifiable risk factors and later life chronic kidney disease: a systematic review |
title_short | Childhood modifiable risk factors and later life chronic kidney disease: a systematic review |
title_sort | childhood modifiable risk factors and later life chronic kidney disease a systematic review |
topic | Childhood Risk factors Adulthood Chronic kidney disease Cohort studies |
url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-023-03232-z |
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