Coupled Development of Salt Glands, Stomata, and Pavement Cells in Limonium bicolor
Salt-resistant plants have different mechanisms to limit the deleterious effects of high salt in soil; for example, recretohalophytes secrete salt from unique structures called salt glands. Salt glands are the first differentiated epidermal structure of the recretohalophyte sea lavender (Limonium bi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.745422/full |
| _version_ | 1818736715596038144 |
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| author | Yaru Gao Boqing Zhao Xiangmei Jiao Min Chen Baoshan Wang Fang Yuan |
| author_facet | Yaru Gao Boqing Zhao Xiangmei Jiao Min Chen Baoshan Wang Fang Yuan |
| author_sort | Yaru Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salt-resistant plants have different mechanisms to limit the deleterious effects of high salt in soil; for example, recretohalophytes secrete salt from unique structures called salt glands. Salt glands are the first differentiated epidermal structure of the recretohalophyte sea lavender (Limonium bicolor), followed by stomata and pavement cells. While salt glands and stomata develop prior to leaf expansion, it is not clear whether these steps are connected. Here, we explored the effects of the five phytohormones salicylic acid, brassinolide, methyl jasmonate, gibberellic acid, and abscisic acid on the development of the first expanded leaf of L. bicolor and its potential connection to salt gland, stomata, and pavement cell differentiation. We calculated the total number of salt glands, stomata, and pavement cells, as well as leaf area and pavement cell area, and assessed the correlations between these parameters. We detected strong and positive correlations between salt gland number and pavement cell area, between stomatal number and pavement cell area, and between salt gland number and stomatal number. We observed evidence of coupling between the development of salt glands, stomata, and pavement cells in L. bicolor, which lays the foundation for further investigation of the mechanism behind salt gland development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T00:41:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-de0c2a199a07487694d59f0d40888a47 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T00:41:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-de0c2a199a07487694d59f0d40888a472022-12-21T21:26:53ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-12-011210.3389/fpls.2021.745422745422Coupled Development of Salt Glands, Stomata, and Pavement Cells in Limonium bicolorYaru GaoBoqing ZhaoXiangmei JiaoMin ChenBaoshan WangFang YuanSalt-resistant plants have different mechanisms to limit the deleterious effects of high salt in soil; for example, recretohalophytes secrete salt from unique structures called salt glands. Salt glands are the first differentiated epidermal structure of the recretohalophyte sea lavender (Limonium bicolor), followed by stomata and pavement cells. While salt glands and stomata develop prior to leaf expansion, it is not clear whether these steps are connected. Here, we explored the effects of the five phytohormones salicylic acid, brassinolide, methyl jasmonate, gibberellic acid, and abscisic acid on the development of the first expanded leaf of L. bicolor and its potential connection to salt gland, stomata, and pavement cell differentiation. We calculated the total number of salt glands, stomata, and pavement cells, as well as leaf area and pavement cell area, and assessed the correlations between these parameters. We detected strong and positive correlations between salt gland number and pavement cell area, between stomatal number and pavement cell area, and between salt gland number and stomatal number. We observed evidence of coupling between the development of salt glands, stomata, and pavement cells in L. bicolor, which lays the foundation for further investigation of the mechanism behind salt gland development.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.745422/fullleaf areaLimonium bicolorpavement cellphytohormonesalt glandstomata |
| spellingShingle | Yaru Gao Boqing Zhao Xiangmei Jiao Min Chen Baoshan Wang Fang Yuan Coupled Development of Salt Glands, Stomata, and Pavement Cells in Limonium bicolor Frontiers in Plant Science leaf area Limonium bicolor pavement cell phytohormone salt gland stomata |
| title | Coupled Development of Salt Glands, Stomata, and Pavement Cells in Limonium bicolor |
| title_full | Coupled Development of Salt Glands, Stomata, and Pavement Cells in Limonium bicolor |
| title_fullStr | Coupled Development of Salt Glands, Stomata, and Pavement Cells in Limonium bicolor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coupled Development of Salt Glands, Stomata, and Pavement Cells in Limonium bicolor |
| title_short | Coupled Development of Salt Glands, Stomata, and Pavement Cells in Limonium bicolor |
| title_sort | coupled development of salt glands stomata and pavement cells in limonium bicolor |
| topic | leaf area Limonium bicolor pavement cell phytohormone salt gland stomata |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.745422/full |
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