CLINICAL PROFILE OF HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE I: A FORGOTTEN INFECTION IN PEDIATRICS
The Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), a retrovirus with oncogenic properties, affects around ten to twenty million people worldwide. The most common disorders associated with HTLV-1 infection are T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ALT) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Asociación Colombiana de Infectología
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Infectio |
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| Online Access: | https://www.revistainfectio.org/index.php/infectio/article/view/905 |
| _version_ | 1818805874379980800 |
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| author | Juliana Mejía-Mertel |
| author_facet | Juliana Mejía-Mertel |
| author_sort | Juliana Mejía-Mertel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), a retrovirus with oncogenic properties, affects around ten to twenty million people worldwide. The most common disorders associated with HTLV-1 infection are T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ALT) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP).
Studies have reported other clinical manifestations in HTLV-1 seropositive patients, including inflammatory disorders, co-infections with opportunistic agents, and
pulmonary diseases.
Objective: Here, we aim to describe a cohort of juvenile patients with confirmed HTLV-1 infection that showed clinical manifestations other than neurological
symptoms.
Methodology and patients: Retrospective analysis of clinical data describing background and clinical findings of 12 juvenile patients with confirmed HTLV-1 infection, attended during January 2018 to February 2020 in a pediatric referral hospital in Cali, Colombia.
Results: 11 out 12 patients were from Colombia´s Pacific coast, 10 suffered from significant nutritional deficiencies. Six exhibited dermatological findings, 3 compatible with infective dermatitis. None of the cases exhibited clinical or laboratory findings suggesting ALT or HAM/TPS. Eight patients had structural lung disease
assessed by chest Computed Tomography (CT) scans; 4 of them tested positive for galactomannan antigen in bronchoalveolar fluid suggesting pulmonary aspergillosis, and 2 others exhibited a positive PCR testing for tuberculosis. Three patients were diagnosed with autoimmune disorders; 1 patient with Crohn´s Diseases, 1 case of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura, and a patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (non-granulomatous uveitis).
Conclusions: There is a broad range of clinical manifestations in pediatric HTLV-1 patients, and the clinician should consider structural pulmonary disease, opportunistic co-infections and autoimmune disorders in the diagnostic algorithm. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T19:00:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-de0ed29f789b441f814632c1f82d0775 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0123-9392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T19:00:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Asociación Colombiana de Infectología |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infectio |
| spelling | doaj.art-de0ed29f789b441f814632c1f82d07752022-12-21T20:56:30ZengAsociación Colombiana de InfectologíaInfectio0123-93922021-09-01251283210.22354/in.v25i1.905CLINICAL PROFILE OF HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE I: A FORGOTTEN INFECTION IN PEDIATRICSJuliana Mejía-Mertel0Department of Pediatrics, Libre University sectional Cali, Valle del Cauca, ColombiaThe Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), a retrovirus with oncogenic properties, affects around ten to twenty million people worldwide. The most common disorders associated with HTLV-1 infection are T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ALT) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Studies have reported other clinical manifestations in HTLV-1 seropositive patients, including inflammatory disorders, co-infections with opportunistic agents, and pulmonary diseases. Objective: Here, we aim to describe a cohort of juvenile patients with confirmed HTLV-1 infection that showed clinical manifestations other than neurological symptoms. Methodology and patients: Retrospective analysis of clinical data describing background and clinical findings of 12 juvenile patients with confirmed HTLV-1 infection, attended during January 2018 to February 2020 in a pediatric referral hospital in Cali, Colombia. Results: 11 out 12 patients were from Colombia´s Pacific coast, 10 suffered from significant nutritional deficiencies. Six exhibited dermatological findings, 3 compatible with infective dermatitis. None of the cases exhibited clinical or laboratory findings suggesting ALT or HAM/TPS. Eight patients had structural lung disease assessed by chest Computed Tomography (CT) scans; 4 of them tested positive for galactomannan antigen in bronchoalveolar fluid suggesting pulmonary aspergillosis, and 2 others exhibited a positive PCR testing for tuberculosis. Three patients were diagnosed with autoimmune disorders; 1 patient with Crohn´s Diseases, 1 case of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura, and a patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (non-granulomatous uveitis). Conclusions: There is a broad range of clinical manifestations in pediatric HTLV-1 patients, and the clinician should consider structural pulmonary disease, opportunistic co-infections and autoimmune disorders in the diagnostic algorithm.https://www.revistainfectio.org/index.php/infectio/article/view/905human t-lymphotropic virus 1retroviridaechildhtlv-1 infections. |
| spellingShingle | Juliana Mejía-Mertel CLINICAL PROFILE OF HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE I: A FORGOTTEN INFECTION IN PEDIATRICS Infectio human t-lymphotropic virus 1 retroviridae child htlv-1 infections. |
| title | CLINICAL PROFILE OF HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE I: A FORGOTTEN INFECTION IN PEDIATRICS |
| title_full | CLINICAL PROFILE OF HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE I: A FORGOTTEN INFECTION IN PEDIATRICS |
| title_fullStr | CLINICAL PROFILE OF HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE I: A FORGOTTEN INFECTION IN PEDIATRICS |
| title_full_unstemmed | CLINICAL PROFILE OF HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE I: A FORGOTTEN INFECTION IN PEDIATRICS |
| title_short | CLINICAL PROFILE OF HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE I: A FORGOTTEN INFECTION IN PEDIATRICS |
| title_sort | clinical profile of human t lymphotropic virus type i a forgotten infection in pediatrics |
| topic | human t-lymphotropic virus 1 retroviridae child htlv-1 infections. |
| url | https://www.revistainfectio.org/index.php/infectio/article/view/905 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT julianamejiamertel clinicalprofileofhumantlymphotropicvirustypeiaforgotteninfectioninpediatrics |