Soybean Yield and Nutrition Grown on the Straw of Grain Sorghum Inoculated with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> and Intercropped with BRS Paiaguás Grass
The adoption of diversified agricultural systems that employ integrated cultural practices appears to be the way to sustainably intensify tropical agriculture. Our objectives were to evaluate the dry matter (DM) accumulation of sorghum inoculated with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i>, with...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| author | Deyvison de Asevedo Soares Viviane Cristina Modesto Allan Hisashi Nakao Wellington Rosa Soares Leandro Alves Freitas Lourdes Dickmann Isabô Melina Pascoaloto Marcelo Andreotti |
| author_facet | Deyvison de Asevedo Soares Viviane Cristina Modesto Allan Hisashi Nakao Wellington Rosa Soares Leandro Alves Freitas Lourdes Dickmann Isabô Melina Pascoaloto Marcelo Andreotti |
| author_sort | Deyvison de Asevedo Soares |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The adoption of diversified agricultural systems that employ integrated cultural practices appears to be the way to sustainably intensify tropical agriculture. Our objectives were to evaluate the dry matter (DM) accumulation of sorghum inoculated with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i>, with or without a nitrogen fertilization split, intercropped with palisade grass (<i>Urochloa brizantha</i> cv. BRS Paiaguás), and how these practices influenced the nutrition and development of soybean in succession. The design was a randomized complete block in a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial, consisting of sorghum monoculture cropped or intercropped with palisade grass, sorghum either inoculated or not with <i>A. brasilense</i>, and nitrogen applied at 120 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> N only at sowing, only at topdressing, or split—30% at sowing and 70% at topdressing at the beginning of the panicle initiation stage. The residual impacts of these treatments on the following soybean crop were also evaluated. Higher DM yield occurred in sorghum inoculated with <i>A. brasilense</i>, however, this result varied by year. The sorghum–palisade grass intercrop produced a higher amount of straw than sorghum monoculture. The nutrition of soybean was adequate regardless of treatments, but grain yield was higher when the sorghum residue was inoculated. The inoculation of <i>A. brasilense</i> in sorghum intercropped with palisade grass increased yield. The nutrition of soybean was adequate regardless of the treatments, while grain yield was higher on the inoculated sorghum residues. The inoculation of <i>A. brasilense</i> in sorghum intercropped with palisade grass increased DM yield. The intercropping increased the production of biomass for animal grazing and DM for soil coverage. The inoculation of sorghum by <i>A. brasilense</i> and its intercropping with palisade grass contributed to higher soybean yield in succession. |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj.art-de26363e6c324132b42d52532c5a75022023-11-18T02:56:17ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-05-011210200710.3390/plants12102007Soybean Yield and Nutrition Grown on the Straw of Grain Sorghum Inoculated with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> and Intercropped with BRS Paiaguás GrassDeyvison de Asevedo Soares0Viviane Cristina Modesto1Allan Hisashi Nakao2Wellington Rosa Soares3Leandro Alves Freitas4Lourdes Dickmann5Isabô Melina Pascoaloto6Marcelo Andreotti7Department of Soil Science, University of Sao Paulo—College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz”, Piracicaba 13418-900, BrazilDepartment of Plant Health, Rural Engineering and Soils, Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira/UNESP, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, BrazilDepartment of Plant Health, Rural Engineering and Soils, Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira/UNESP, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, BrazilDepartment of Soil Science, University of Sao Paulo—College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz”, Piracicaba 13418-900, BrazilDepartment of Plant Health, Rural Engineering and Soils, Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira/UNESP, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, BrazilDepartment of Plant Health, Rural Engineering and Soils, Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira/UNESP, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, BrazilDepartment of Plant Health, Rural Engineering and Soils, Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira/UNESP, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, BrazilDepartment of Plant Health, Rural Engineering and Soils, Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira/UNESP, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, BrazilThe adoption of diversified agricultural systems that employ integrated cultural practices appears to be the way to sustainably intensify tropical agriculture. Our objectives were to evaluate the dry matter (DM) accumulation of sorghum inoculated with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i>, with or without a nitrogen fertilization split, intercropped with palisade grass (<i>Urochloa brizantha</i> cv. BRS Paiaguás), and how these practices influenced the nutrition and development of soybean in succession. The design was a randomized complete block in a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial, consisting of sorghum monoculture cropped or intercropped with palisade grass, sorghum either inoculated or not with <i>A. brasilense</i>, and nitrogen applied at 120 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> N only at sowing, only at topdressing, or split—30% at sowing and 70% at topdressing at the beginning of the panicle initiation stage. The residual impacts of these treatments on the following soybean crop were also evaluated. Higher DM yield occurred in sorghum inoculated with <i>A. brasilense</i>, however, this result varied by year. The sorghum–palisade grass intercrop produced a higher amount of straw than sorghum monoculture. The nutrition of soybean was adequate regardless of treatments, but grain yield was higher when the sorghum residue was inoculated. The inoculation of <i>A. brasilense</i> in sorghum intercropped with palisade grass increased yield. The nutrition of soybean was adequate regardless of the treatments, while grain yield was higher on the inoculated sorghum residues. The inoculation of <i>A. brasilense</i> in sorghum intercropped with palisade grass increased DM yield. The intercropping increased the production of biomass for animal grazing and DM for soil coverage. The inoculation of sorghum by <i>A. brasilense</i> and its intercropping with palisade grass contributed to higher soybean yield in succession.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/10/2007<i>Glycine max</i> L.<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> L. Moenchintercroppinggrain yieldsoil fertility |
| spellingShingle | Deyvison de Asevedo Soares Viviane Cristina Modesto Allan Hisashi Nakao Wellington Rosa Soares Leandro Alves Freitas Lourdes Dickmann Isabô Melina Pascoaloto Marcelo Andreotti Soybean Yield and Nutrition Grown on the Straw of Grain Sorghum Inoculated with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> and Intercropped with BRS Paiaguás Grass Plants <i>Glycine max</i> L. <i>Sorghum bicolor</i> L. Moench intercropping grain yield soil fertility |
| title | Soybean Yield and Nutrition Grown on the Straw of Grain Sorghum Inoculated with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> and Intercropped with BRS Paiaguás Grass |
| title_full | Soybean Yield and Nutrition Grown on the Straw of Grain Sorghum Inoculated with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> and Intercropped with BRS Paiaguás Grass |
| title_fullStr | Soybean Yield and Nutrition Grown on the Straw of Grain Sorghum Inoculated with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> and Intercropped with BRS Paiaguás Grass |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soybean Yield and Nutrition Grown on the Straw of Grain Sorghum Inoculated with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> and Intercropped with BRS Paiaguás Grass |
| title_short | Soybean Yield and Nutrition Grown on the Straw of Grain Sorghum Inoculated with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> and Intercropped with BRS Paiaguás Grass |
| title_sort | soybean yield and nutrition grown on the straw of grain sorghum inoculated with i azospirillum brasilense i and intercropped with brs paiaguas grass |
| topic | <i>Glycine max</i> L. <i>Sorghum bicolor</i> L. Moench intercropping grain yield soil fertility |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/10/2007 |
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