Interactive effect of 2 dietary calcium and phytase levels on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: part 1—broiler performance, gut lesions and pH, bacterial counts, and apparent ileal digestibility
This study investigated the hypothesis that high dietary calcium (Ca) would stimulate necrotic enteritis (NE) and reduce performance, gut health, and nutrient digestibility, and if increased, phytase would reduce NE. Ross 308 male broilers (n = 768) were randomly distributed to 8 treatments in a fac...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Poultry Science |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579120303400 |
| _version_ | 1818552710883966976 |
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| author | H.K. Zanu S.K. Kheravii N.K. Morgan M.R. Bedford R.A. Swick |
| author_facet | H.K. Zanu S.K. Kheravii N.K. Morgan M.R. Bedford R.A. Swick |
| author_sort | H.K. Zanu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated the hypothesis that high dietary calcium (Ca) would stimulate necrotic enteritis (NE) and reduce performance, gut health, and nutrient digestibility, and if increased, phytase would reduce NE. Ross 308 male broilers (n = 768) were randomly distributed to 8 treatments in a factorial arrangement. Factors were NE challenge (no or yes), phytase level (500 or 1,500 FTU/kg using 500 FTU/kg matrix values), and Ca level (0.6 or 1.0% starter, 0.5 or 0.9% grower, 0.4 or 0.8% finisher) with the same level of available P (0.40 S, 0.35 G, and 0.35 F). There were 48 pens, 16 birds per pen and 6 replications. Half of the birds were challenged with Eimeria spp on day 9 and 108 CFU per mL of Clostridium perfringens strain EHE-NE18 on day 14 and 15. Gain was higher in birds fed high phytase on day 14 (P < 0.01), day 21 (P < 0.01), day 28 (P < 0.01), and day 35 (P < 0.01). Birds fed high phytase had greater livability on day 21 (P < 0.01). Ca was more digestible in high-Ca diets on day 16, and an NE × Ca interaction (P < 0.05) showed this effect to be more pronounced in unchallenged than in challenged birds. A challenge × Ca interaction for apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein (CP) (P < 0.05) indicated lower AID of CP in challenged birds fed high Ca. The challenge decreased AID of Ca (P < 0.01). Ca level had no impact on C. perfringens count, but it decreased Lactobacillus (P < 0.05) and Bifidobacteria (P < 0.05) populations in the ceca. High dietary Ca decreased feed conversion ratio. Overall (42 D), the highest WG was observed in unchallenged birds fed high Ca and high phytase with the lowest WG observed in NE-challenged birds fed low Ca and low phytase. The results suggest that full matrix values for high doses of phytase may be appropriate during NE challenge. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:16:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-de2f900097c74490acf87e2f5ad7e4ee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0032-5791 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:16:44Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Poultry Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-de2f900097c74490acf87e2f5ad7e4ee2022-12-22T00:29:21ZengElsevierPoultry Science0032-57912020-10-01991048614873Interactive effect of 2 dietary calcium and phytase levels on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: part 1—broiler performance, gut lesions and pH, bacterial counts, and apparent ileal digestibilityH.K. Zanu0S.K. Kheravii1N.K. Morgan2M.R. Bedford3R.A. Swick4School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, AustraliaSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, AustraliaSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, AustraliaAB Vista, Marlborough, Wiltshire SN8 4AN, United KingdomSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia; Corresponding author:This study investigated the hypothesis that high dietary calcium (Ca) would stimulate necrotic enteritis (NE) and reduce performance, gut health, and nutrient digestibility, and if increased, phytase would reduce NE. Ross 308 male broilers (n = 768) were randomly distributed to 8 treatments in a factorial arrangement. Factors were NE challenge (no or yes), phytase level (500 or 1,500 FTU/kg using 500 FTU/kg matrix values), and Ca level (0.6 or 1.0% starter, 0.5 or 0.9% grower, 0.4 or 0.8% finisher) with the same level of available P (0.40 S, 0.35 G, and 0.35 F). There were 48 pens, 16 birds per pen and 6 replications. Half of the birds were challenged with Eimeria spp on day 9 and 108 CFU per mL of Clostridium perfringens strain EHE-NE18 on day 14 and 15. Gain was higher in birds fed high phytase on day 14 (P < 0.01), day 21 (P < 0.01), day 28 (P < 0.01), and day 35 (P < 0.01). Birds fed high phytase had greater livability on day 21 (P < 0.01). Ca was more digestible in high-Ca diets on day 16, and an NE × Ca interaction (P < 0.05) showed this effect to be more pronounced in unchallenged than in challenged birds. A challenge × Ca interaction for apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein (CP) (P < 0.05) indicated lower AID of CP in challenged birds fed high Ca. The challenge decreased AID of Ca (P < 0.01). Ca level had no impact on C. perfringens count, but it decreased Lactobacillus (P < 0.05) and Bifidobacteria (P < 0.05) populations in the ceca. High dietary Ca decreased feed conversion ratio. Overall (42 D), the highest WG was observed in unchallenged birds fed high Ca and high phytase with the lowest WG observed in NE-challenged birds fed low Ca and low phytase. The results suggest that full matrix values for high doses of phytase may be appropriate during NE challenge.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579120303400broilerdietary calciumphytasenecrotic enteritisperformance |
| spellingShingle | H.K. Zanu S.K. Kheravii N.K. Morgan M.R. Bedford R.A. Swick Interactive effect of 2 dietary calcium and phytase levels on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: part 1—broiler performance, gut lesions and pH, bacterial counts, and apparent ileal digestibility Poultry Science broiler dietary calcium phytase necrotic enteritis performance |
| title | Interactive effect of 2 dietary calcium and phytase levels on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: part 1—broiler performance, gut lesions and pH, bacterial counts, and apparent ileal digestibility |
| title_full | Interactive effect of 2 dietary calcium and phytase levels on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: part 1—broiler performance, gut lesions and pH, bacterial counts, and apparent ileal digestibility |
| title_fullStr | Interactive effect of 2 dietary calcium and phytase levels on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: part 1—broiler performance, gut lesions and pH, bacterial counts, and apparent ileal digestibility |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interactive effect of 2 dietary calcium and phytase levels on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: part 1—broiler performance, gut lesions and pH, bacterial counts, and apparent ileal digestibility |
| title_short | Interactive effect of 2 dietary calcium and phytase levels on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: part 1—broiler performance, gut lesions and pH, bacterial counts, and apparent ileal digestibility |
| title_sort | interactive effect of 2 dietary calcium and phytase levels on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis part 1 broiler performance gut lesions and ph bacterial counts and apparent ileal digestibility |
| topic | broiler dietary calcium phytase necrotic enteritis performance |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579120303400 |
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