Comparative Genome Assessment of the Two Novel Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Producing Bacillus Strains
Poly-γ-glutamic acid (PGA) is a homopolyamide, biosynthesized mostly by Bacillus sp. Our study focuses on understanding the genetic differences between the two species of Bacillus for their capability to produce PGA. Genes related to PGA synthesis, regulation, degradation and mannitol utilization...
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Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
2019-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://microbiologyjournal.org/comparative-genome-assessment-of-the-two-novel-poly-%ce%b3-glutamic-acid-producing-bacillus-strains/ |
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| author | Deepika Pandey Tiwari Poonam Mishra Chatterjee Niyati Uppadhyaya Anirban Bhaduri Ritu Raval Ashok Kumar Dubey |
| author_facet | Deepika Pandey Tiwari Poonam Mishra Chatterjee Niyati Uppadhyaya Anirban Bhaduri Ritu Raval Ashok Kumar Dubey |
| author_sort | Deepika Pandey Tiwari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Poly-γ-glutamic acid (PGA) is a homopolyamide, biosynthesized mostly by Bacillus sp. Our study focuses
on understanding the genetic differences between the two species of Bacillus for their capability to
produce PGA. Genes related to PGA synthesis, regulation, degradation and mannitol utilization of
Bacillus subtilis Natto3 (BSN3) were compared with that of B. methylotrophicus IC4 (BMIC4). These
strains differed in their genome sizes and average gene lengths. BMIC4 genome size was 4,214,684 bp
which was larger than BSN3 comprising of 3,601,055 bp with no plasmid found in either of them. The
average gene length of BSN3 and BMIC4 were 843.33 bp and 819.82 bp, respectively with higher number
of predicted genes and proteins in BMIC4 (4341 and 4223 respectively). Interestingly, BMIC4 being larger
in genome size and gene number, exhibited lesser number of unique pfam results (62) compared to
389 unique pfam of BSN3. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence, BSN3 and BMIC4 were placed distantly
on the phylogenetic tree. Sequence similarity of PGA producing genes ywsC, ywtA and ywtB between
BSN3 and BMIC4 was 100%, 100% and 30% respectively. We report the presence of PGA degrading
gene pgdS in BMIC4 which is otherwise reportedly absent in various strains of B. methylotrophicus.
Sequence variation in the genes may have an impact on the PGA chain length, produced by these
strains as BMIC4 produces high molecular weight PGA than BSN3. As B. methylotrophicus is newly
discovered species, our comparative study will provide insights on the genomic variability between
these two novel PGA producing strains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:27:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-de3bacd323104f61a2304a8826422987 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0973-7510 2581-690X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:27:28Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-de3bacd323104f61a2304a88264229872022-12-21T23:18:51ZengJournal of Pure and Applied MicrobiologyJournal of Pure and Applied Microbiology0973-75102581-690X2019-06-0113266767610.22207/JPAM.13.2.03Comparative Genome Assessment of the Two Novel Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Producing Bacillus StrainsDeepika Pandey Tiwari0Poonam Mishra Chatterjee1Niyati Uppadhyaya2Anirban Bhaduri3Ritu Raval4Ashok Kumar Dubey51 Food Science and Technology, Tata Chemicals Limited-Innovation Centre, Survey No. 315, Hissa No. 1-14, Ambedveth (V), Paud Road, Mulshi, Pune - 412 111, Maharashtra, India. 2 Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology-Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal - 576 104, Karnataka, India.1 Food Science and Technology, Tata Chemicals Limited-Innovation Centre, Survey No. 315, Hissa No. 1-14, Ambedveth (V), Paud Road, Mulshi, Pune - 412 111, Maharashtra, India. 2 Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology-Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal - 576 104, Karnataka, India.1 Food Science and Technology, Tata Chemicals Limited-Innovation Centre, Survey No. 315, Hissa No. 1-14, Ambedveth (V), Paud Road, Mulshi, Pune - 412 111, Maharashtra, India.1 Food Science and Technology, Tata Chemicals Limited-Innovation Centre, Survey No. 315, Hissa No. 1-14, Ambedveth (V), Paud Road, Mulshi, Pune - 412 111, Maharashtra, India.2 Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology-Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal - 576 104, Karnataka, India.1 Food Science and Technology, Tata Chemicals Limited-Innovation Centre, Survey No. 315, Hissa No. 1-14, Ambedveth (V), Paud Road, Mulshi, Pune - 412 111, Maharashtra, India. 2 Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology-Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal - 576 104, Karnataka, India.Poly-γ-glutamic acid (PGA) is a homopolyamide, biosynthesized mostly by Bacillus sp. Our study focuses on understanding the genetic differences between the two species of Bacillus for their capability to produce PGA. Genes related to PGA synthesis, regulation, degradation and mannitol utilization of Bacillus subtilis Natto3 (BSN3) were compared with that of B. methylotrophicus IC4 (BMIC4). These strains differed in their genome sizes and average gene lengths. BMIC4 genome size was 4,214,684 bp which was larger than BSN3 comprising of 3,601,055 bp with no plasmid found in either of them. The average gene length of BSN3 and BMIC4 were 843.33 bp and 819.82 bp, respectively with higher number of predicted genes and proteins in BMIC4 (4341 and 4223 respectively). Interestingly, BMIC4 being larger in genome size and gene number, exhibited lesser number of unique pfam results (62) compared to 389 unique pfam of BSN3. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence, BSN3 and BMIC4 were placed distantly on the phylogenetic tree. Sequence similarity of PGA producing genes ywsC, ywtA and ywtB between BSN3 and BMIC4 was 100%, 100% and 30% respectively. We report the presence of PGA degrading gene pgdS in BMIC4 which is otherwise reportedly absent in various strains of B. methylotrophicus. Sequence variation in the genes may have an impact on the PGA chain length, produced by these strains as BMIC4 produces high molecular weight PGA than BSN3. As B. methylotrophicus is newly discovered species, our comparative study will provide insights on the genomic variability between these two novel PGA producing strains.https://microbiologyjournal.org/comparative-genome-assessment-of-the-two-novel-poly-%ce%b3-glutamic-acid-producing-bacillus-strains/whole genome sequencingbacillus subtilisbacillus methylotrophicuspgapgds |
| spellingShingle | Deepika Pandey Tiwari Poonam Mishra Chatterjee Niyati Uppadhyaya Anirban Bhaduri Ritu Raval Ashok Kumar Dubey Comparative Genome Assessment of the Two Novel Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Producing Bacillus Strains Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology whole genome sequencing bacillus subtilis bacillus methylotrophicus pga pgds |
| title | Comparative Genome Assessment of the Two Novel Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Producing Bacillus Strains |
| title_full | Comparative Genome Assessment of the Two Novel Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Producing Bacillus Strains |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Genome Assessment of the Two Novel Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Producing Bacillus Strains |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Genome Assessment of the Two Novel Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Producing Bacillus Strains |
| title_short | Comparative Genome Assessment of the Two Novel Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Producing Bacillus Strains |
| title_sort | comparative genome assessment of the two novel poly γ glutamic acid producing bacillus strains |
| topic | whole genome sequencing bacillus subtilis bacillus methylotrophicus pga pgds |
| url | https://microbiologyjournal.org/comparative-genome-assessment-of-the-two-novel-poly-%ce%b3-glutamic-acid-producing-bacillus-strains/ |
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