Different Approaches for the Preparation of Composite Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications—Recent Advancements
The use of ionic liquid-based membranes as polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications increases significantly due to the major features of ionic liquids (i.e., high thermal stability and ion conductivity, non-volatility, and non-flammability). In general, there are three major methods...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/13/6/593 |
| _version_ | 1797593618319409152 |
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| author | Mohammad Ebrahimi Kateryna Fatyeyeva Wojciech Kujawski |
| author_facet | Mohammad Ebrahimi Kateryna Fatyeyeva Wojciech Kujawski |
| author_sort | Mohammad Ebrahimi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of ionic liquid-based membranes as polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications increases significantly due to the major features of ionic liquids (i.e., high thermal stability and ion conductivity, non-volatility, and non-flammability). In general, there are three major methods to introduce ionic liquids into the polymer membrane, such as incorporating ionic liquid into a polymer solution, impregnating the polymer with ionic liquid, and cross-linking. The incorporation of ionic liquids into a polymer solution is the most common method, owing to easy operation of process and quick membrane formation. However, the prepared composite membranes suffer from a reduction in mechanical stability and ionic liquid leakage. While mechanical stability may be enhanced by the membrane’s impregnation with ionic liquid, ionic liquid leaching is still the main drawback of this method. The presence of covalent bonds between ionic liquids and polymer chains during the cross-linking reaction can decrease the ionic liquid release. Cross-linked membranes reveal more stable proton conductivity, although a decrease in ionic mobility can be noticed. In the present work, the main approaches for ionic liquid introduction into the polymer film are presented in detail, and the recently obtained results (2019–2023) are discussed in correlation with the composite membrane structure. In addition, some promising new methods (i.e., layer-by-layer self-assembly, vacuum-assisted flocculation, spin coating, and freeze drying) are described. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:10:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-de598349c8924cacb03deb3bc6f4bb91 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:10:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-de598349c8924cacb03deb3bc6f4bb912023-11-18T11:33:47ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752023-06-0113659310.3390/membranes13060593Different Approaches for the Preparation of Composite Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications—Recent AdvancementsMohammad Ebrahimi0Kateryna Fatyeyeva1Wojciech Kujawski2Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces (PBS), INSA Rouen Normandie, University Rouen Normandie, UMR 6270 CNRS, 76000 Rouen, FrancePolymères Biopolymères Surfaces (PBS), INSA Rouen Normandie, University Rouen Normandie, UMR 6270 CNRS, 76000 Rouen, FranceFaculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, PolandThe use of ionic liquid-based membranes as polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications increases significantly due to the major features of ionic liquids (i.e., high thermal stability and ion conductivity, non-volatility, and non-flammability). In general, there are three major methods to introduce ionic liquids into the polymer membrane, such as incorporating ionic liquid into a polymer solution, impregnating the polymer with ionic liquid, and cross-linking. The incorporation of ionic liquids into a polymer solution is the most common method, owing to easy operation of process and quick membrane formation. However, the prepared composite membranes suffer from a reduction in mechanical stability and ionic liquid leakage. While mechanical stability may be enhanced by the membrane’s impregnation with ionic liquid, ionic liquid leaching is still the main drawback of this method. The presence of covalent bonds between ionic liquids and polymer chains during the cross-linking reaction can decrease the ionic liquid release. Cross-linked membranes reveal more stable proton conductivity, although a decrease in ionic mobility can be noticed. In the present work, the main approaches for ionic liquid introduction into the polymer film are presented in detail, and the recently obtained results (2019–2023) are discussed in correlation with the composite membrane structure. In addition, some promising new methods (i.e., layer-by-layer self-assembly, vacuum-assisted flocculation, spin coating, and freeze drying) are described.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/13/6/593proton exchange membrane fuel cellionic liquidpolymer electrolyte membraneincorporationimpregnationcross-linking |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Ebrahimi Kateryna Fatyeyeva Wojciech Kujawski Different Approaches for the Preparation of Composite Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications—Recent Advancements Membranes proton exchange membrane fuel cell ionic liquid polymer electrolyte membrane incorporation impregnation cross-linking |
| title | Different Approaches for the Preparation of Composite Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications—Recent Advancements |
| title_full | Different Approaches for the Preparation of Composite Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications—Recent Advancements |
| title_fullStr | Different Approaches for the Preparation of Composite Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications—Recent Advancements |
| title_full_unstemmed | Different Approaches for the Preparation of Composite Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications—Recent Advancements |
| title_short | Different Approaches for the Preparation of Composite Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications—Recent Advancements |
| title_sort | different approaches for the preparation of composite ionic liquid based membranes for proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications recent advancements |
| topic | proton exchange membrane fuel cell ionic liquid polymer electrolyte membrane incorporation impregnation cross-linking |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/13/6/593 |
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