Impact of Surface Chemistry of Silicon Nanoparticles on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Si/Ni<sub>3.4</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> Composite Anode for Li-Ion Batteries
Embedding silicon nanoparticles in an intermetallic matrix is a promising strategy to produce remarkable bulk anode materials for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries with low potential, high electrochemical capacity and good cycling stability. These composite materials can be synthetized at a large scale...
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/1/18 |
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| author | Tahar Azib Claire Thaury Fermin Cuevas Eric Leroy Christian Jordy Nicolas Marx Michel Latroche |
| author_facet | Tahar Azib Claire Thaury Fermin Cuevas Eric Leroy Christian Jordy Nicolas Marx Michel Latroche |
| author_sort | Tahar Azib |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Embedding silicon nanoparticles in an intermetallic matrix is a promising strategy to produce remarkable bulk anode materials for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries with low potential, high electrochemical capacity and good cycling stability. These composite materials can be synthetized at a large scale using mechanical milling. However, for Si-Ni<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> composites, milling also induces a chemical reaction between the two components leading to the formation of free Sn and NiSi<sub>2</sub>, which is detrimental to the performance of the electrode. To prevent this reaction, a modification of the surface chemistry of the silicon has been undertaken. Si nanoparticles coated with a surface layer of either carbon or oxide were used instead of pure silicon. The influence of the coating on the composition, (micro)structure and electrochemical properties of Si-Ni<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> composites is studied and compared with that of pure Si. Si coating strongly reduces the reaction between Si and Ni<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> during milling. Moreover, contrary to pure silicon, Si-coated composites have a plate-like morphology in which the surface-modified silicon particles are surrounded by a nanostructured, Ni<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub>-based matrix leading to smooth potential profiles during electrochemical cycling. The chemical homogeneity of the matrix is more uniform for carbon-coated than for oxygen-coated silicon. As a consequence, different electrochemical behaviors are obtained depending on the surface chemistry, with better lithiation properties for the carbon-covered silicon able to deliver over 500 mAh/g for at least 400 cycles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:48:51Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:48:51Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
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| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-de5df21748b44844a9f7d14af2e273d22023-11-21T02:22:08ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912020-12-011111810.3390/nano11010018Impact of Surface Chemistry of Silicon Nanoparticles on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Si/Ni<sub>3.4</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> Composite Anode for Li-Ion BatteriesTahar Azib0Claire Thaury1Fermin Cuevas2Eric Leroy3Christian Jordy4Nicolas Marx5Michel Latroche6Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, FranceUniv Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, FranceUniv Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, FranceUniv Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, FranceSAFT Batteries, 113 Bd. Alfred Daney, 33074 Bordeaux, FranceUmicore, Watertorenstraat 33, 2250 Olen, BelgiumUniv Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, FranceEmbedding silicon nanoparticles in an intermetallic matrix is a promising strategy to produce remarkable bulk anode materials for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries with low potential, high electrochemical capacity and good cycling stability. These composite materials can be synthetized at a large scale using mechanical milling. However, for Si-Ni<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> composites, milling also induces a chemical reaction between the two components leading to the formation of free Sn and NiSi<sub>2</sub>, which is detrimental to the performance of the electrode. To prevent this reaction, a modification of the surface chemistry of the silicon has been undertaken. Si nanoparticles coated with a surface layer of either carbon or oxide were used instead of pure silicon. The influence of the coating on the composition, (micro)structure and electrochemical properties of Si-Ni<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> composites is studied and compared with that of pure Si. Si coating strongly reduces the reaction between Si and Ni<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> during milling. Moreover, contrary to pure silicon, Si-coated composites have a plate-like morphology in which the surface-modified silicon particles are surrounded by a nanostructured, Ni<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub>-based matrix leading to smooth potential profiles during electrochemical cycling. The chemical homogeneity of the matrix is more uniform for carbon-coated than for oxygen-coated silicon. As a consequence, different electrochemical behaviors are obtained depending on the surface chemistry, with better lithiation properties for the carbon-covered silicon able to deliver over 500 mAh/g for at least 400 cycles.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/1/18Li-ion batteriesanodesintermetallicssiliconcompositesnanomaterials |
| spellingShingle | Tahar Azib Claire Thaury Fermin Cuevas Eric Leroy Christian Jordy Nicolas Marx Michel Latroche Impact of Surface Chemistry of Silicon Nanoparticles on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Si/Ni<sub>3.4</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> Composite Anode for Li-Ion Batteries Nanomaterials Li-ion batteries anodes intermetallics silicon composites nanomaterials |
| title | Impact of Surface Chemistry of Silicon Nanoparticles on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Si/Ni<sub>3.4</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> Composite Anode for Li-Ion Batteries |
| title_full | Impact of Surface Chemistry of Silicon Nanoparticles on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Si/Ni<sub>3.4</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> Composite Anode for Li-Ion Batteries |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Surface Chemistry of Silicon Nanoparticles on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Si/Ni<sub>3.4</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> Composite Anode for Li-Ion Batteries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Surface Chemistry of Silicon Nanoparticles on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Si/Ni<sub>3.4</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> Composite Anode for Li-Ion Batteries |
| title_short | Impact of Surface Chemistry of Silicon Nanoparticles on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Si/Ni<sub>3.4</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> Composite Anode for Li-Ion Batteries |
| title_sort | impact of surface chemistry of silicon nanoparticles on the structural and electrochemical properties of si ni sub 3 4 sub sn sub 4 sub composite anode for li ion batteries |
| topic | Li-ion batteries anodes intermetallics silicon composites nanomaterials |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/1/18 |
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