Mechanisms of Sodium-Acetate-Induced DHA Accumulation in a DHA-Producing Microalga, <i>Crypthecodinium</i> sp. SUN
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) that is critical for the intelligence and visual development of infants. <i>Crypthecodinium</i> is the first microalga approved by the Food and Drug Administration for DHA production, but its relatively high intra...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/8/508 |
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| author | Yiming Li Weina Tian Zhongxiang Fu Wenqi Ye Xinwei Zhang Zhao Zhang Dongzhe Sun |
| author_facet | Yiming Li Weina Tian Zhongxiang Fu Wenqi Ye Xinwei Zhang Zhao Zhang Dongzhe Sun |
| author_sort | Yiming Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) that is critical for the intelligence and visual development of infants. <i>Crypthecodinium</i> is the first microalga approved by the Food and Drug Administration for DHA production, but its relatively high intracellular starch content restricts fatty acid accumulation. In this study, different carbon sources, including glucose (G), sodium acetate (S) and mixed carbon (M), were used to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of intracellular organic carbon distribution in <i>Crypthecodinium</i> sp. SUN. Results show that glucose favored cell growth and starch accumulation. Sodium acetate limited glucose utilization and starch accumulation but caused a significant increase in total fatty acid (TFA) accumulation and the DHA percentage. Thus, the DHA content in the S group was highest among three groups and reached a maximum (10.65% of DW) at 96 h that was 2.92-fold and 2.24-fold of that in the G and M groups, respectively. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that rather than the expression of key genes in fatty acids biosynthesis, increased intracellular acetyl-CoA content appeared to be the key regulatory factor for TFA accumulation. Additionally, metabolome analysis showed that the accumulated DHA-rich metabolites of lipid biosynthesis might be the reason for the higher TFA content and DHA percentage of the S group. The present study provides valuable insights to guide further research in DHA production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:54:47Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:54:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-de5f353dbc2c4fafbb0c97927fd1e6ad2023-12-01T23:56:03ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972022-08-0120850810.3390/md20080508Mechanisms of Sodium-Acetate-Induced DHA Accumulation in a DHA-Producing Microalga, <i>Crypthecodinium</i> sp. SUNYiming Li0Weina Tian1Zhongxiang Fu2Wenqi Ye3Xinwei Zhang4Zhao Zhang5Dongzhe Sun6School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, ChinaDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) that is critical for the intelligence and visual development of infants. <i>Crypthecodinium</i> is the first microalga approved by the Food and Drug Administration for DHA production, but its relatively high intracellular starch content restricts fatty acid accumulation. In this study, different carbon sources, including glucose (G), sodium acetate (S) and mixed carbon (M), were used to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of intracellular organic carbon distribution in <i>Crypthecodinium</i> sp. SUN. Results show that glucose favored cell growth and starch accumulation. Sodium acetate limited glucose utilization and starch accumulation but caused a significant increase in total fatty acid (TFA) accumulation and the DHA percentage. Thus, the DHA content in the S group was highest among three groups and reached a maximum (10.65% of DW) at 96 h that was 2.92-fold and 2.24-fold of that in the G and M groups, respectively. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that rather than the expression of key genes in fatty acids biosynthesis, increased intracellular acetyl-CoA content appeared to be the key regulatory factor for TFA accumulation. Additionally, metabolome analysis showed that the accumulated DHA-rich metabolites of lipid biosynthesis might be the reason for the higher TFA content and DHA percentage of the S group. The present study provides valuable insights to guide further research in DHA production.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/8/508<i>Crypthecodinium</i>starchtotal fatty acidDHAacetyl-CoAorganic carbon distribution |
| spellingShingle | Yiming Li Weina Tian Zhongxiang Fu Wenqi Ye Xinwei Zhang Zhao Zhang Dongzhe Sun Mechanisms of Sodium-Acetate-Induced DHA Accumulation in a DHA-Producing Microalga, <i>Crypthecodinium</i> sp. SUN Marine Drugs <i>Crypthecodinium</i> starch total fatty acid DHA acetyl-CoA organic carbon distribution |
| title | Mechanisms of Sodium-Acetate-Induced DHA Accumulation in a DHA-Producing Microalga, <i>Crypthecodinium</i> sp. SUN |
| title_full | Mechanisms of Sodium-Acetate-Induced DHA Accumulation in a DHA-Producing Microalga, <i>Crypthecodinium</i> sp. SUN |
| title_fullStr | Mechanisms of Sodium-Acetate-Induced DHA Accumulation in a DHA-Producing Microalga, <i>Crypthecodinium</i> sp. SUN |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms of Sodium-Acetate-Induced DHA Accumulation in a DHA-Producing Microalga, <i>Crypthecodinium</i> sp. SUN |
| title_short | Mechanisms of Sodium-Acetate-Induced DHA Accumulation in a DHA-Producing Microalga, <i>Crypthecodinium</i> sp. SUN |
| title_sort | mechanisms of sodium acetate induced dha accumulation in a dha producing microalga i crypthecodinium i sp sun |
| topic | <i>Crypthecodinium</i> starch total fatty acid DHA acetyl-CoA organic carbon distribution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/8/508 |
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