A Global Metabolic Map Defines the Effects of a Si-Based Biostimulant on Tomato Plants under Normal and Saline Conditions
The ongoing unpredictability of climate changes is exponentially exerting a negative impact on crop production, further aggravating detrimental abiotic stress effects. Several research studies have been focused on the genetic modification of crop plants to achieve more crop resilience against such s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Metabolites |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/12/820 |
| _version_ | 1797502615302438912 |
|---|---|
| author | Kekeletso H. Chele Paul Steenkamp Lizelle A. Piater Ian A. Dubery Johan Huyser Fidele Tugizimana |
| author_facet | Kekeletso H. Chele Paul Steenkamp Lizelle A. Piater Ian A. Dubery Johan Huyser Fidele Tugizimana |
| author_sort | Kekeletso H. Chele |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ongoing unpredictability of climate changes is exponentially exerting a negative impact on crop production, further aggravating detrimental abiotic stress effects. Several research studies have been focused on the genetic modification of crop plants to achieve more crop resilience against such stress factors; however, there has been a paradigm shift in modern agriculture focusing on more organic, eco-friendly and long-lasting systems to improve crop yield. As such, extensive research into the use of microbial and nonmicrobial biostimulants has been at the core of agricultural studies to improve crop growth and development, as well as to attain tolerance against several biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the biostimulant activity remain enigmatic. Thus, this study is a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based untargeted metabolomics approach to unravel the hypothetical biochemical framework underlying effects of a nonmicrobial biostimulant (a silicon-based formulation) on tomato plants (<i>Solanum lycopersium</i>) under salinity stress conditions. This metabolomics study postulates that Si-based biostimulants could alleviate salinity stress in tomato plants through modulation of the primary metabolism involving changes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid and numerous amino acid biosynthesis pathways, with further reprogramming of several secondary metabolism pathways such as the phenylpropanoid pathway, flavonoid biosynthesis pathways including flavone and flavanol biosynthesis. Thus, the postulated hypothetical framework, describing biostimulant-induced metabolic events in tomato plants, provides actionable knowledge necessary for industries and farmers to, confidently and innovatively, explore, design, and fully implement Si-based formulations and strategies into agronomic practices for sustainable agriculture and food production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:35:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-de638cde2f4443f3b824777b9b2d6ad3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:35:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-de638cde2f4443f3b824777b9b2d6ad32023-11-23T09:31:20ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892021-11-01111282010.3390/metabo11120820A Global Metabolic Map Defines the Effects of a Si-Based Biostimulant on Tomato Plants under Normal and Saline ConditionsKekeletso H. Chele0Paul Steenkamp1Lizelle A. Piater2Ian A. Dubery3Johan Huyser4Fidele Tugizimana5Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South AfricaInternational Research and Development Division, Omnia Group, Ltd., Johannesburg 2021, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South AfricaThe ongoing unpredictability of climate changes is exponentially exerting a negative impact on crop production, further aggravating detrimental abiotic stress effects. Several research studies have been focused on the genetic modification of crop plants to achieve more crop resilience against such stress factors; however, there has been a paradigm shift in modern agriculture focusing on more organic, eco-friendly and long-lasting systems to improve crop yield. As such, extensive research into the use of microbial and nonmicrobial biostimulants has been at the core of agricultural studies to improve crop growth and development, as well as to attain tolerance against several biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the biostimulant activity remain enigmatic. Thus, this study is a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based untargeted metabolomics approach to unravel the hypothetical biochemical framework underlying effects of a nonmicrobial biostimulant (a silicon-based formulation) on tomato plants (<i>Solanum lycopersium</i>) under salinity stress conditions. This metabolomics study postulates that Si-based biostimulants could alleviate salinity stress in tomato plants through modulation of the primary metabolism involving changes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid and numerous amino acid biosynthesis pathways, with further reprogramming of several secondary metabolism pathways such as the phenylpropanoid pathway, flavonoid biosynthesis pathways including flavone and flavanol biosynthesis. Thus, the postulated hypothetical framework, describing biostimulant-induced metabolic events in tomato plants, provides actionable knowledge necessary for industries and farmers to, confidently and innovatively, explore, design, and fully implement Si-based formulations and strategies into agronomic practices for sustainable agriculture and food production.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/12/820biostimulantsGNPSmetabolomicsmolecular networkingsalt stressSi-biostimulant |
| spellingShingle | Kekeletso H. Chele Paul Steenkamp Lizelle A. Piater Ian A. Dubery Johan Huyser Fidele Tugizimana A Global Metabolic Map Defines the Effects of a Si-Based Biostimulant on Tomato Plants under Normal and Saline Conditions Metabolites biostimulants GNPS metabolomics molecular networking salt stress Si-biostimulant |
| title | A Global Metabolic Map Defines the Effects of a Si-Based Biostimulant on Tomato Plants under Normal and Saline Conditions |
| title_full | A Global Metabolic Map Defines the Effects of a Si-Based Biostimulant on Tomato Plants under Normal and Saline Conditions |
| title_fullStr | A Global Metabolic Map Defines the Effects of a Si-Based Biostimulant on Tomato Plants under Normal and Saline Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Global Metabolic Map Defines the Effects of a Si-Based Biostimulant on Tomato Plants under Normal and Saline Conditions |
| title_short | A Global Metabolic Map Defines the Effects of a Si-Based Biostimulant on Tomato Plants under Normal and Saline Conditions |
| title_sort | global metabolic map defines the effects of a si based biostimulant on tomato plants under normal and saline conditions |
| topic | biostimulants GNPS metabolomics molecular networking salt stress Si-biostimulant |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/12/820 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kekeletsohchele aglobalmetabolicmapdefinestheeffectsofasibasedbiostimulantontomatoplantsundernormalandsalineconditions AT paulsteenkamp aglobalmetabolicmapdefinestheeffectsofasibasedbiostimulantontomatoplantsundernormalandsalineconditions AT lizelleapiater aglobalmetabolicmapdefinestheeffectsofasibasedbiostimulantontomatoplantsundernormalandsalineconditions AT ianadubery aglobalmetabolicmapdefinestheeffectsofasibasedbiostimulantontomatoplantsundernormalandsalineconditions AT johanhuyser aglobalmetabolicmapdefinestheeffectsofasibasedbiostimulantontomatoplantsundernormalandsalineconditions AT fideletugizimana aglobalmetabolicmapdefinestheeffectsofasibasedbiostimulantontomatoplantsundernormalandsalineconditions AT kekeletsohchele globalmetabolicmapdefinestheeffectsofasibasedbiostimulantontomatoplantsundernormalandsalineconditions AT paulsteenkamp globalmetabolicmapdefinestheeffectsofasibasedbiostimulantontomatoplantsundernormalandsalineconditions AT lizelleapiater globalmetabolicmapdefinestheeffectsofasibasedbiostimulantontomatoplantsundernormalandsalineconditions AT ianadubery globalmetabolicmapdefinestheeffectsofasibasedbiostimulantontomatoplantsundernormalandsalineconditions AT johanhuyser globalmetabolicmapdefinestheeffectsofasibasedbiostimulantontomatoplantsundernormalandsalineconditions AT fideletugizimana globalmetabolicmapdefinestheeffectsofasibasedbiostimulantontomatoplantsundernormalandsalineconditions |