Enrichment mechanisms of Mo in soil in the karst region Guangxi, China
Soils developed in karst regions have naturally high background values of molybdenum (Mo) due to geological factors. However, the enrichment mechanism of Mo in these soils are not fully understood, making it challenging to assess their ecological risk and utilize Mo-rich land resources. To shed ligh...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323003123 |
| _version_ | 1797852011623874560 |
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| author | Kun Lin Zhongfang Yang Tao Yu Wenbing Ji Xu Liu Bo Li Zhiliang Wu Xuezhen Li Xudong Ma Lei Wang Qifeng Tang |
| author_facet | Kun Lin Zhongfang Yang Tao Yu Wenbing Ji Xu Liu Bo Li Zhiliang Wu Xuezhen Li Xudong Ma Lei Wang Qifeng Tang |
| author_sort | Kun Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soils developed in karst regions have naturally high background values of molybdenum (Mo) due to geological factors. However, the enrichment mechanism of Mo in these soils are not fully understood, making it challenging to assess their ecological risk and utilize Mo-rich land resources. To shed light on this issue, this study collected and analyzed data from the 1:50,000 geochemical survey in Guangxi, including 536,503 sets of soil data and 3043 sets of rock data, as well as 40 sets of carbonate rock-soil from typical karst regions. The results showed that soil Mo enrichment is highly correlated with the distribution of carbonate rocks in karst regions. The carbonate rocks in these regions contain Mo ranging from 0.03 to 1.06 mg·kg−1 (with a mean of 0.22 mg·kg−1). In comparison, the soil Mo derived from carbonate rocks can reach up to 6.00 mg·kg−1 (with a mean of 2.75 mg·kg−1), representing an average enrichment of soil Mo that is 24 times higher compared to the carbonate parent rock. The enrichment of soil Mo in karst regions is primarily controlled by secondary enrichment during the weathering process of carbonate. During the insoluble residue accumulation process, the dissolution of carbonate leads to a dramatic reduction in bedrock volume, and the adsorption of clay minerals and Fe minerals in insoluble residues plays an essential role in Mo enrichment during these stages. During the soil-forming stage of the insoluble residue, most Mo leaches into the water body due to the mineral transformation of insoluble residue. Consequently, as Fe–Mn nodules in soils become more enriched with increasing weathering intensity, some Mo is absorbed and passivated by iron and manganese oxides (hydroxides). Accordingly, the contribution of Fe–Mn nodules and the degree of leaching were closely related to the enrichment of soil Mo in karst regions. This study provides insights into the enrichment mechanisms of Mo in soils developed in karst regions, which will help to evaluate their ecological risk in these environments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:27:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-de67bba53a4a40119f9751ec4f85cfb8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:27:09Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj.art-de67bba53a4a40119f9751ec4f85cfb82023-04-05T08:05:52ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132023-04-01255114808Enrichment mechanisms of Mo in soil in the karst region Guangxi, ChinaKun Lin0Zhongfang Yang1Tao Yu2Wenbing Ji3Xu Liu4Bo Li5Zhiliang Wu6Xuezhen Li7Xudong Ma8Lei Wang9Qifeng Tang10School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, China; Corresponding author at: School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, China; Corresponding author at: School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210042, ChinaSchool of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, ChinaGuangxi Bureau of Geology & Mineral Prospecting & Exploitation, Nanning 530023, ChinaKey Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, China; Corresponding author.Soils developed in karst regions have naturally high background values of molybdenum (Mo) due to geological factors. However, the enrichment mechanism of Mo in these soils are not fully understood, making it challenging to assess their ecological risk and utilize Mo-rich land resources. To shed light on this issue, this study collected and analyzed data from the 1:50,000 geochemical survey in Guangxi, including 536,503 sets of soil data and 3043 sets of rock data, as well as 40 sets of carbonate rock-soil from typical karst regions. The results showed that soil Mo enrichment is highly correlated with the distribution of carbonate rocks in karst regions. The carbonate rocks in these regions contain Mo ranging from 0.03 to 1.06 mg·kg−1 (with a mean of 0.22 mg·kg−1). In comparison, the soil Mo derived from carbonate rocks can reach up to 6.00 mg·kg−1 (with a mean of 2.75 mg·kg−1), representing an average enrichment of soil Mo that is 24 times higher compared to the carbonate parent rock. The enrichment of soil Mo in karst regions is primarily controlled by secondary enrichment during the weathering process of carbonate. During the insoluble residue accumulation process, the dissolution of carbonate leads to a dramatic reduction in bedrock volume, and the adsorption of clay minerals and Fe minerals in insoluble residues plays an essential role in Mo enrichment during these stages. During the soil-forming stage of the insoluble residue, most Mo leaches into the water body due to the mineral transformation of insoluble residue. Consequently, as Fe–Mn nodules in soils become more enriched with increasing weathering intensity, some Mo is absorbed and passivated by iron and manganese oxides (hydroxides). Accordingly, the contribution of Fe–Mn nodules and the degree of leaching were closely related to the enrichment of soil Mo in karst regions. This study provides insights into the enrichment mechanisms of Mo in soils developed in karst regions, which will help to evaluate their ecological risk in these environments.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323003123Karst regionSoilMolybdenumEnrichment mechanismWeathering processFe–Mn nodules |
| spellingShingle | Kun Lin Zhongfang Yang Tao Yu Wenbing Ji Xu Liu Bo Li Zhiliang Wu Xuezhen Li Xudong Ma Lei Wang Qifeng Tang Enrichment mechanisms of Mo in soil in the karst region Guangxi, China Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Karst region Soil Molybdenum Enrichment mechanism Weathering process Fe–Mn nodules |
| title | Enrichment mechanisms of Mo in soil in the karst region Guangxi, China |
| title_full | Enrichment mechanisms of Mo in soil in the karst region Guangxi, China |
| title_fullStr | Enrichment mechanisms of Mo in soil in the karst region Guangxi, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enrichment mechanisms of Mo in soil in the karst region Guangxi, China |
| title_short | Enrichment mechanisms of Mo in soil in the karst region Guangxi, China |
| title_sort | enrichment mechanisms of mo in soil in the karst region guangxi china |
| topic | Karst region Soil Molybdenum Enrichment mechanism Weathering process Fe–Mn nodules |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323003123 |
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