The Early Developmental Outcomes of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: A Review
Aim: This paper systematically reviews the literature on the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on early child development from birth to 5 years with the aim to synthesize the developmental outcomes associated with prenatal alcohol exposure, and inform further research to improve our knowledge of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2018.01108/full |
| _version_ | 1819239708202369024 |
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| author | Sivenesi Subramoney Emma Eastman Colleen Adnams Dan J. Stein Dan J. Stein Kirsten A. Donald |
| author_facet | Sivenesi Subramoney Emma Eastman Colleen Adnams Dan J. Stein Dan J. Stein Kirsten A. Donald |
| author_sort | Sivenesi Subramoney |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aim: This paper systematically reviews the literature on the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on early child development from birth to 5 years with the aim to synthesize the developmental outcomes associated with prenatal alcohol exposure, and inform further research to improve our knowledge of the manifestations of prenatal alcohol exposure.Methods: Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Psych INFO, and Psych ARTICLES) were searched to find papers on the developmental outcomes of prenatal alcohol exposure in neonates, infants and toddlers and pre-school aged children. Studies were selected based on participants self-reporting alcohol consumption during pregnancy (either prospectively or retrospectively) and/or children being diagnosed with FASD based on a standardized assessment that includes a dysmorphology examination. The search was limited to peer-reviewed, English language studies involving human subjects, up to 5.5 years old.Results: Out of the 1,684 titles screened, a total of 71 papers were identified as relevant and included in this review. The majority of studies were prospective longitudinal studies. A range of assessment modalities (or tools) was used to determine neurodevelopmental outcomes of prenatal exposure to alcohol in the age group under review, the most frequently described being the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID) (n = 19). Studies varied in terms of the dose, frequency, and timing of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and methodology used to assess alcohol consumption. Findings demonstrate extensive evidence for poor global developmental outcomes in children prenatally exposed to alcohol, particularly with moderate to severe levels of prenatal alcohol exposure.Conclusion: The outcomes related to lower levels of prenatal alcohol exposure as well as outcomes in specific developmental domains, are poorly understood. Further research should aim to clarify the more subtle or less easily measurable manifestations of prenatal alcohol exposure on early development when the potential for greatest impact of interventions is highest. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T13:56:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-de75777a8cfb4db8b0dd6f1636df01af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T13:56:25Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-de75777a8cfb4db8b0dd6f1636df01af2022-12-21T17:44:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952018-12-01910.3389/fneur.2018.01108422267The Early Developmental Outcomes of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: A ReviewSivenesi Subramoney0Emma Eastman1Colleen Adnams2Dan J. Stein3Dan J. Stein4Kirsten A. Donald5Division of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaUnit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaAim: This paper systematically reviews the literature on the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on early child development from birth to 5 years with the aim to synthesize the developmental outcomes associated with prenatal alcohol exposure, and inform further research to improve our knowledge of the manifestations of prenatal alcohol exposure.Methods: Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Psych INFO, and Psych ARTICLES) were searched to find papers on the developmental outcomes of prenatal alcohol exposure in neonates, infants and toddlers and pre-school aged children. Studies were selected based on participants self-reporting alcohol consumption during pregnancy (either prospectively or retrospectively) and/or children being diagnosed with FASD based on a standardized assessment that includes a dysmorphology examination. The search was limited to peer-reviewed, English language studies involving human subjects, up to 5.5 years old.Results: Out of the 1,684 titles screened, a total of 71 papers were identified as relevant and included in this review. The majority of studies were prospective longitudinal studies. A range of assessment modalities (or tools) was used to determine neurodevelopmental outcomes of prenatal exposure to alcohol in the age group under review, the most frequently described being the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID) (n = 19). Studies varied in terms of the dose, frequency, and timing of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and methodology used to assess alcohol consumption. Findings demonstrate extensive evidence for poor global developmental outcomes in children prenatally exposed to alcohol, particularly with moderate to severe levels of prenatal alcohol exposure.Conclusion: The outcomes related to lower levels of prenatal alcohol exposure as well as outcomes in specific developmental domains, are poorly understood. Further research should aim to clarify the more subtle or less easily measurable manifestations of prenatal alcohol exposure on early development when the potential for greatest impact of interventions is highest.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2018.01108/fullearly childhooddevelopmental outcomesfetal alcohol spectrum disordersprenatal alcohol exposureneurodevelopment |
| spellingShingle | Sivenesi Subramoney Emma Eastman Colleen Adnams Dan J. Stein Dan J. Stein Kirsten A. Donald The Early Developmental Outcomes of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: A Review Frontiers in Neurology early childhood developmental outcomes fetal alcohol spectrum disorders prenatal alcohol exposure neurodevelopment |
| title | The Early Developmental Outcomes of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: A Review |
| title_full | The Early Developmental Outcomes of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: A Review |
| title_fullStr | The Early Developmental Outcomes of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Early Developmental Outcomes of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: A Review |
| title_short | The Early Developmental Outcomes of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: A Review |
| title_sort | early developmental outcomes of prenatal alcohol exposure a review |
| topic | early childhood developmental outcomes fetal alcohol spectrum disorders prenatal alcohol exposure neurodevelopment |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2018.01108/full |
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