Multiple sclerosis incidence associated with the soil lead and arsenic concentrations in Taiwan.
BACKGROUND: Few studies in the world have assessed the incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) with soil heavy metal concentrations. We explored the association of soil heavy metal factors and the MS incidence in Taiwan. METHODS: There were 1240 new MS cases from the National Health Insurance Research...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2013-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3684615?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1811280322400092160 |
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| author | Ching-Piao Tsai Charles Tzu-Chi Lee |
| author_facet | Ching-Piao Tsai Charles Tzu-Chi Lee |
| author_sort | Ching-Piao Tsai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND: Few studies in the world have assessed the incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) with soil heavy metal concentrations. We explored the association of soil heavy metal factors and the MS incidence in Taiwan. METHODS: There were 1240 new MS cases from the National Health Insurance Research Database and were verified with serious disabling disease certificates, 1997-2008. Soil heavy metal factors records included arsenic, mercury, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead and zinc in Taiwan from 1986 to 2002. Spatial regression was used to reveal the association of soil heavy metals and age- and gender-standardized incidence ratios for townships by controlling sunlight exposure hours, smoking prevalence and spatial autocorrelation. RESULTS: The lead (Pb) concentration in the soil positively correlated with the township incidence; on the other hand, the arsenic (As) concentration in soil negatively correlated with the township incidence and when found together controlled each other. The positive correlation of lead (Pb) predominated in males, whereas the negative correlation of arsenic (As) in soil predominated in females. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that exposure to lead (Pb) in soil positive associated with incidence of MS in Taiwan, especially in males. Exposure to arsenic (As) in soil negative associated with MS in Taiwan, especially in females. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:12:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-de7de24c5f974a1a86f1a137ee7aa2fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:12:38Z |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-de7de24c5f974a1a86f1a137ee7aa2fa2022-12-22T03:09:07ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032013-01-0186e6591110.1371/journal.pone.0065911Multiple sclerosis incidence associated with the soil lead and arsenic concentrations in Taiwan.Ching-Piao TsaiCharles Tzu-Chi LeeBACKGROUND: Few studies in the world have assessed the incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) with soil heavy metal concentrations. We explored the association of soil heavy metal factors and the MS incidence in Taiwan. METHODS: There were 1240 new MS cases from the National Health Insurance Research Database and were verified with serious disabling disease certificates, 1997-2008. Soil heavy metal factors records included arsenic, mercury, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead and zinc in Taiwan from 1986 to 2002. Spatial regression was used to reveal the association of soil heavy metals and age- and gender-standardized incidence ratios for townships by controlling sunlight exposure hours, smoking prevalence and spatial autocorrelation. RESULTS: The lead (Pb) concentration in the soil positively correlated with the township incidence; on the other hand, the arsenic (As) concentration in soil negatively correlated with the township incidence and when found together controlled each other. The positive correlation of lead (Pb) predominated in males, whereas the negative correlation of arsenic (As) in soil predominated in females. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that exposure to lead (Pb) in soil positive associated with incidence of MS in Taiwan, especially in males. Exposure to arsenic (As) in soil negative associated with MS in Taiwan, especially in females.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3684615?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Ching-Piao Tsai Charles Tzu-Chi Lee Multiple sclerosis incidence associated with the soil lead and arsenic concentrations in Taiwan. PLoS ONE |
| title | Multiple sclerosis incidence associated with the soil lead and arsenic concentrations in Taiwan. |
| title_full | Multiple sclerosis incidence associated with the soil lead and arsenic concentrations in Taiwan. |
| title_fullStr | Multiple sclerosis incidence associated with the soil lead and arsenic concentrations in Taiwan. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiple sclerosis incidence associated with the soil lead and arsenic concentrations in Taiwan. |
| title_short | Multiple sclerosis incidence associated with the soil lead and arsenic concentrations in Taiwan. |
| title_sort | multiple sclerosis incidence associated with the soil lead and arsenic concentrations in taiwan |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3684615?pdf=render |
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