Effects of a pre-workout supplement on hyperemia following leg extension resistance exercise to failure with different resistance loads
Background We sought to determine if a pre-workout supplement (PWS), containing multiple ingredients thought to enhance blood flow, increases hyperemia associated with resistance training compared to placebo (PBO). Given the potential interaction with training loads/time-under-tension, we evaluated...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2017-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0195-6 |
| _version_ | 1797685044185137152 |
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| author | Jeffrey S. Martin Petey W. Mumford Cody T. Haun Micheal J. Luera Tyler W. D. Muddle Ryan J. Colquhoun Mary P. Feeney Cameron S. Mackey Paul A. Roberson Kaelin C. Young David D. Pascoe Jason M. DeFreitas Nathaniel D. M. Jenkins Michael D. Roberts |
| author_facet | Jeffrey S. Martin Petey W. Mumford Cody T. Haun Micheal J. Luera Tyler W. D. Muddle Ryan J. Colquhoun Mary P. Feeney Cameron S. Mackey Paul A. Roberson Kaelin C. Young David D. Pascoe Jason M. DeFreitas Nathaniel D. M. Jenkins Michael D. Roberts |
| author_sort | Jeffrey S. Martin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background We sought to determine if a pre-workout supplement (PWS), containing multiple ingredients thought to enhance blood flow, increases hyperemia associated with resistance training compared to placebo (PBO). Given the potential interaction with training loads/time-under-tension, we evaluated the hyperemic response at two different loads to failure. Methods Thirty males participated in this double-blinded study. At visit 1, participants were randomly assigned to consume PWS (Reckless™) or PBO (maltodextrin and glycine) and performed four sets of leg extensions to failure at 30% or 80% of their 1-RM 45-min thereafter. 1-wk. later (visit 2), participants consumed the same supplement as before, but exercised at the alternate load. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), femoral artery blood flow, and plasma nitrate/nitrite (NOx) were assessed at baseline (BL), 45-min post-PWS/PBO consumption (PRE), and 5-min following the last set of leg extensions (POST). Vastus lateralis near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was employed during leg extension exercise. Repeated measures ANOVAs were performed with time, supplement, and load as independent variables and Bonferroni correction applied for multiple post-hoc comparisons. Data are reported as mean ± SD. Results With the 30% training load compared to 80%, significantly more repetitions were performed (p < 0.05), but there was no difference in total volume load (p > 0.05). NIRS derived minimum oxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb) was lower in the 80% load condition compared to 30% for all rest intervals between sets of exercise (p < 0.0167). HR and BP did not vary as a function of supplement or load. Femoral artery blood flow at POST was higher independent of exercise load and treatment. However, a time*supplement*load interaction was observed revealing greater femoral artery blood flow with PWS compared to PBO at POST in the 80% (+56.8%; p = 0.006) but not 30% load condition (+12.7%; p = 0.476). Plasma NOx was ~3-fold higher with PWS compared to PBO at PRE and POST (p < 0.001). Conclusions Compared to PBO, the PWS consumed herein augmented hyperemia following multiple sets to failure at 80% of 1-RM, but not 30%. This specificity may be a product of interaction with local perturbations (e.g., reduced tissue oxygenation levels [minimum O2Hb] in the 80% load condition) and/or muscle fiber recruitment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:38:40Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1550-2783 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:38:40Z |
| publishDate | 2017-09-01 |
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| series | Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-de8deabcf0474ffabc5f876c64a860b12023-09-15T09:19:29ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition1550-27832017-09-0114110.1186/s12970-017-0195-612130007Effects of a pre-workout supplement on hyperemia following leg extension resistance exercise to failure with different resistance loadsJeffrey S. Martin0Petey W. Mumford1Cody T. Haun2Micheal J. Luera3Tyler W. D. Muddle4Ryan J. Colquhoun5Mary P. Feeney6Cameron S. Mackey7Paul A. Roberson8Kaelin C. Young9David D. Pascoe10Jason M. DeFreitas11Nathaniel D. M. Jenkins12Michael D. Roberts13School of Kinesiology, Auburn UniversitySchool of Kinesiology, Auburn UniversitySchool of Kinesiology, Auburn UniversitySchool of Kinesiology, Applied Health and RecreationSchool of Kinesiology, Applied Health and RecreationSchool of Kinesiology, Applied Health and RecreationSchool of Kinesiology, Auburn UniversitySchool of Kinesiology, Applied Health and RecreationSchool of Kinesiology, Auburn UniversitySchool of Kinesiology, Auburn UniversitySchool of Kinesiology, Auburn UniversitySchool of Kinesiology, Applied Health and RecreationSchool of Kinesiology, Applied Health and RecreationSchool of Kinesiology, Auburn UniversityBackground We sought to determine if a pre-workout supplement (PWS), containing multiple ingredients thought to enhance blood flow, increases hyperemia associated with resistance training compared to placebo (PBO). Given the potential interaction with training loads/time-under-tension, we evaluated the hyperemic response at two different loads to failure. Methods Thirty males participated in this double-blinded study. At visit 1, participants were randomly assigned to consume PWS (Reckless™) or PBO (maltodextrin and glycine) and performed four sets of leg extensions to failure at 30% or 80% of their 1-RM 45-min thereafter. 1-wk. later (visit 2), participants consumed the same supplement as before, but exercised at the alternate load. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), femoral artery blood flow, and plasma nitrate/nitrite (NOx) were assessed at baseline (BL), 45-min post-PWS/PBO consumption (PRE), and 5-min following the last set of leg extensions (POST). Vastus lateralis near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was employed during leg extension exercise. Repeated measures ANOVAs were performed with time, supplement, and load as independent variables and Bonferroni correction applied for multiple post-hoc comparisons. Data are reported as mean ± SD. Results With the 30% training load compared to 80%, significantly more repetitions were performed (p < 0.05), but there was no difference in total volume load (p > 0.05). NIRS derived minimum oxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb) was lower in the 80% load condition compared to 30% for all rest intervals between sets of exercise (p < 0.0167). HR and BP did not vary as a function of supplement or load. Femoral artery blood flow at POST was higher independent of exercise load and treatment. However, a time*supplement*load interaction was observed revealing greater femoral artery blood flow with PWS compared to PBO at POST in the 80% (+56.8%; p = 0.006) but not 30% load condition (+12.7%; p = 0.476). Plasma NOx was ~3-fold higher with PWS compared to PBO at PRE and POST (p < 0.001). Conclusions Compared to PBO, the PWS consumed herein augmented hyperemia following multiple sets to failure at 80% of 1-RM, but not 30%. This specificity may be a product of interaction with local perturbations (e.g., reduced tissue oxygenation levels [minimum O2Hb] in the 80% load condition) and/or muscle fiber recruitment.http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0195-6reactive hyperemiasports supplementsresistance exerciseoxygenationblood flownitric oxide, volume load |
| spellingShingle | Jeffrey S. Martin Petey W. Mumford Cody T. Haun Micheal J. Luera Tyler W. D. Muddle Ryan J. Colquhoun Mary P. Feeney Cameron S. Mackey Paul A. Roberson Kaelin C. Young David D. Pascoe Jason M. DeFreitas Nathaniel D. M. Jenkins Michael D. Roberts Effects of a pre-workout supplement on hyperemia following leg extension resistance exercise to failure with different resistance loads Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition reactive hyperemia sports supplements resistance exercise oxygenation blood flow nitric oxide, volume load |
| title | Effects of a pre-workout supplement on hyperemia following leg extension resistance exercise to failure with different resistance loads |
| title_full | Effects of a pre-workout supplement on hyperemia following leg extension resistance exercise to failure with different resistance loads |
| title_fullStr | Effects of a pre-workout supplement on hyperemia following leg extension resistance exercise to failure with different resistance loads |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of a pre-workout supplement on hyperemia following leg extension resistance exercise to failure with different resistance loads |
| title_short | Effects of a pre-workout supplement on hyperemia following leg extension resistance exercise to failure with different resistance loads |
| title_sort | effects of a pre workout supplement on hyperemia following leg extension resistance exercise to failure with different resistance loads |
| topic | reactive hyperemia sports supplements resistance exercise oxygenation blood flow nitric oxide, volume load |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0195-6 |
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