GC, GC/MS Analysis, and Biological Effects of Essential Oils from <i>Thymus mastchina</i> and <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i>
Spanish marjoram (<i>Thymus mastichina</i>) and cardamom (<i>Elettaria cardamomum</i>) are traditional aromatic plants with which several pharmacological properties have been associated. In this study, the volatile composition, antioxidative and antimigratory effects on human...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/23/3213 |
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| author | Nenad L. Vukovic Milena D. Vukic Ana D. Obradovic Milos M. Matic Lucia Galovičová Miroslava Kačániová |
| author_facet | Nenad L. Vukovic Milena D. Vukic Ana D. Obradovic Milos M. Matic Lucia Galovičová Miroslava Kačániová |
| author_sort | Nenad L. Vukovic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Spanish marjoram (<i>Thymus mastichina</i>) and cardamom (<i>Elettaria cardamomum</i>) are traditional aromatic plants with which several pharmacological properties have been associated. In this study, the volatile composition, antioxidative and antimigratory effects on human breast cancer (MDA-MB-468 cell line), antimicrobial activity, and antibiofilm effect were evaluated. Results obtained via treatment of human breast cancer cells generally indicated an inhibitory effect of both essential oils (EOs) on cell viability (after long-term treatment) and antioxidative potential, as well as the reduction of nitric oxide levels. Antimigratory effects were revealed, suggesting that these EOs could possess significant antimetastatic properties and stop tumor progression and growth. The antimicrobial activities of both EOs were determined using the disc diffusion method and minimal inhibition concentration, while antibiofilm activity was evaluated by means of mass spectrometry. The best antimicrobial effects of <i>T. mastichina</i> EO were found against the yeast <i>Candida glabrata</i> and the G<sup>+</sup> bacterium <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> using the disc diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration methods. <i>E. cardamomum</i> EO was found to be most effective against <i>Pseudomas fluorescens</i> biofilm using both methods. Similarly, better effects of this oil were observed on G<sup>−</sup> compared to G<sup>+</sup> bacterial strains. Our study confirms that <i>T. mastichina</i> and <i>E. cardamomum</i> EOs act to change the protein structure of older <i>P. fluorescens</i> biofilms. The results underline the potential use of these EOs in manufactured products, such as foodstuffs, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:36:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-de98ba215df04630bf3106d50844e714 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:36:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-de98ba215df04630bf3106d50844e7142023-11-24T11:54:12ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-11-011123321310.3390/plants11233213GC, GC/MS Analysis, and Biological Effects of Essential Oils from <i>Thymus mastchina</i> and <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i>Nenad L. Vukovic0Milena D. Vukic1Ana D. Obradovic2Milos M. Matic3Lucia Galovičová4Miroslava Kačániová5Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, SerbiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, SerbiaDepartment of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, SerbiaDepartment of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, SerbiaInstitute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, SlovakiaInstitute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, SlovakiaSpanish marjoram (<i>Thymus mastichina</i>) and cardamom (<i>Elettaria cardamomum</i>) are traditional aromatic plants with which several pharmacological properties have been associated. In this study, the volatile composition, antioxidative and antimigratory effects on human breast cancer (MDA-MB-468 cell line), antimicrobial activity, and antibiofilm effect were evaluated. Results obtained via treatment of human breast cancer cells generally indicated an inhibitory effect of both essential oils (EOs) on cell viability (after long-term treatment) and antioxidative potential, as well as the reduction of nitric oxide levels. Antimigratory effects were revealed, suggesting that these EOs could possess significant antimetastatic properties and stop tumor progression and growth. The antimicrobial activities of both EOs were determined using the disc diffusion method and minimal inhibition concentration, while antibiofilm activity was evaluated by means of mass spectrometry. The best antimicrobial effects of <i>T. mastichina</i> EO were found against the yeast <i>Candida glabrata</i> and the G<sup>+</sup> bacterium <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> using the disc diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration methods. <i>E. cardamomum</i> EO was found to be most effective against <i>Pseudomas fluorescens</i> biofilm using both methods. Similarly, better effects of this oil were observed on G<sup>−</sup> compared to G<sup>+</sup> bacterial strains. Our study confirms that <i>T. mastichina</i> and <i>E. cardamomum</i> EOs act to change the protein structure of older <i>P. fluorescens</i> biofilms. The results underline the potential use of these EOs in manufactured products, such as foodstuffs, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/23/3213essential oil<i>T. mastichina</i><i>E. cardamomum</i>MDA-MB-468 cell lineantimicrobial effectantibiofilm activity |
| spellingShingle | Nenad L. Vukovic Milena D. Vukic Ana D. Obradovic Milos M. Matic Lucia Galovičová Miroslava Kačániová GC, GC/MS Analysis, and Biological Effects of Essential Oils from <i>Thymus mastchina</i> and <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> Plants essential oil <i>T. mastichina</i> <i>E. cardamomum</i> MDA-MB-468 cell line antimicrobial effect antibiofilm activity |
| title | GC, GC/MS Analysis, and Biological Effects of Essential Oils from <i>Thymus mastchina</i> and <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> |
| title_full | GC, GC/MS Analysis, and Biological Effects of Essential Oils from <i>Thymus mastchina</i> and <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> |
| title_fullStr | GC, GC/MS Analysis, and Biological Effects of Essential Oils from <i>Thymus mastchina</i> and <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | GC, GC/MS Analysis, and Biological Effects of Essential Oils from <i>Thymus mastchina</i> and <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> |
| title_short | GC, GC/MS Analysis, and Biological Effects of Essential Oils from <i>Thymus mastchina</i> and <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> |
| title_sort | gc gc ms analysis and biological effects of essential oils from i thymus mastchina i and i elettaria cardamomum i |
| topic | essential oil <i>T. mastichina</i> <i>E. cardamomum</i> MDA-MB-468 cell line antimicrobial effect antibiofilm activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/23/3213 |
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