Effect of austempering temperature on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbon-free nano-bainite steel
Carbide-free nano-bainite steel holds significant potential for applications in mining as an ultra-high strength wear-resistant steel, but the wear mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study aims to explore the effect of austempering temperature on microstructure, mechanical properties and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423021828 |
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| author | Enmao Wang Qianxi He Chen Gu Yong Wang Haoxiu Chen Yingjian Che R.D.K. Misra Na Gong Huibin Wu Gang Niu |
| author_facet | Enmao Wang Qianxi He Chen Gu Yong Wang Haoxiu Chen Yingjian Che R.D.K. Misra Na Gong Huibin Wu Gang Niu |
| author_sort | Enmao Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carbide-free nano-bainite steel holds significant potential for applications in mining as an ultra-high strength wear-resistant steel, but the wear mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study aims to explore the effect of austempering temperature on microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbide-free nano-bainitic steel. The relationship between the content and mechanical stability of retained austenite (RA) and mechanical properties was investigated to elucidate the mechanisms of pin-on-disc wear and impact wear. The results show that in the range of Ms∼300 °C, the phase transformation incubation period and completion time significantly increase with decreasing austempering temperature, which is mainly related to higher phase transformation driving force resulting from a larger subcooling degree and slow growth of carbon content in RA. Optimal strength and hardness of 2099 MPa and 615 HBW, respectively, are achieved after austempering at 210 °C for 83 h. Austempering at 270 °C for 11 h yields the best balance of strength and plasticity, with a strength-plasticity product of 28.8 GPa%. The micro-cutting mechanism of pin-on-disc wear leads to serious weight loss. The RA with poor mechanical stability accelerates the stress-induced martensite transformation, while internal stress support due to volume expansion reduces the penetration depth of abrasive particles. The weight loss in impact wear is primarily caused by shedding due to fatigue failure. With the increase of RA content and mechanical stability, the persistent stress-induced martensite transformation effectively hinders micro-crack propagation, thereby enhancing impact wear resistance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:05:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dea2f6506b1e40429538aebc83d66735 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:05:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-dea2f6506b1e40429538aebc83d667352023-10-30T06:04:27ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542023-09-012667036718Effect of austempering temperature on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbon-free nano-bainite steelEnmao Wang0Qianxi He1Chen Gu2Yong Wang3Haoxiu Chen4Yingjian Che5R.D.K. Misra6Na Gong7Huibin Wu8Gang Niu9Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, ChinaMcMaster Manufacturing Research Institute (MMRI), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8P 0A6, CanadaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, CanadaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, SingaporeDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E4, CanadaCollaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, ChinaLaboratory for Excellence in Advanced Steel Research, Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USAInstitute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138634, SingaporeCollaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Corresponding author.Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Corresponding author.Carbide-free nano-bainite steel holds significant potential for applications in mining as an ultra-high strength wear-resistant steel, but the wear mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study aims to explore the effect of austempering temperature on microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbide-free nano-bainitic steel. The relationship between the content and mechanical stability of retained austenite (RA) and mechanical properties was investigated to elucidate the mechanisms of pin-on-disc wear and impact wear. The results show that in the range of Ms∼300 °C, the phase transformation incubation period and completion time significantly increase with decreasing austempering temperature, which is mainly related to higher phase transformation driving force resulting from a larger subcooling degree and slow growth of carbon content in RA. Optimal strength and hardness of 2099 MPa and 615 HBW, respectively, are achieved after austempering at 210 °C for 83 h. Austempering at 270 °C for 11 h yields the best balance of strength and plasticity, with a strength-plasticity product of 28.8 GPa%. The micro-cutting mechanism of pin-on-disc wear leads to serious weight loss. The RA with poor mechanical stability accelerates the stress-induced martensite transformation, while internal stress support due to volume expansion reduces the penetration depth of abrasive particles. The weight loss in impact wear is primarily caused by shedding due to fatigue failure. With the increase of RA content and mechanical stability, the persistent stress-induced martensite transformation effectively hinders micro-crack propagation, thereby enhancing impact wear resistance.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423021828Nano-bainiteAustemperingMicrostructureMechanical propertyWear resistanceRetained austenite |
| spellingShingle | Enmao Wang Qianxi He Chen Gu Yong Wang Haoxiu Chen Yingjian Che R.D.K. Misra Na Gong Huibin Wu Gang Niu Effect of austempering temperature on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbon-free nano-bainite steel Journal of Materials Research and Technology Nano-bainite Austempering Microstructure Mechanical property Wear resistance Retained austenite |
| title | Effect of austempering temperature on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbon-free nano-bainite steel |
| title_full | Effect of austempering temperature on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbon-free nano-bainite steel |
| title_fullStr | Effect of austempering temperature on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbon-free nano-bainite steel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of austempering temperature on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbon-free nano-bainite steel |
| title_short | Effect of austempering temperature on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbon-free nano-bainite steel |
| title_sort | effect of austempering temperature on microstructure evolution mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbon free nano bainite steel |
| topic | Nano-bainite Austempering Microstructure Mechanical property Wear resistance Retained austenite |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423021828 |
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