The Circulating Level of Klotho Is Not Dependent upon Physical Fitness and Age-Associated Methylation Increases at the Promoter Region of the Klotho Gene
(1) Background: Higher levels of physical fitness are believed to increase the physiological quality of life and impact the aging process with a wide range of adaptive mechanisms, including the regulation of the expression of the age-associated klotho (KL) gene and protein levels. (2) Methods: Here,...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/2/525 |
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| author | Dora Aczel Ferenc Torma Matyas Jokai Kristen McGreevy Anita Boros Yasuhiro Seki Istvan Boldogh Steve Horvath Zsolt Radak |
| author_facet | Dora Aczel Ferenc Torma Matyas Jokai Kristen McGreevy Anita Boros Yasuhiro Seki Istvan Boldogh Steve Horvath Zsolt Radak |
| author_sort | Dora Aczel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: Higher levels of physical fitness are believed to increase the physiological quality of life and impact the aging process with a wide range of adaptive mechanisms, including the regulation of the expression of the age-associated klotho (KL) gene and protein levels. (2) Methods: Here, we tested the relationship between the DNA methylation-based epigenetic biomarkers PhenoAge and GrimAge and methylation of the promoter region of the KL gene, the circulating level of KL, and the stage of physical fitness and grip force in two groups of volunteer subjects, trained (TRND) and sedentary (SED), aged between 37 and 85 years old. (3) Results: The circulating KL level is negatively associated with chronological age in the TRND group (r = −0.19; <i>p</i> = 0.0295) but not in the SED group (r = −0.065; <i>p</i> = 0.5925). The age-associated decrease in circulating KL is partly due to the increased methylation of the KL gene. In addition, higher plasma KL is significantly related to epigenetic age-deceleration in the TRND group, assessed by the biomarker of PhenoAge (r = −0.21; <i>p</i> = 0.0192). (4) Conclusions: The level of physical fitness, on the other hand, does not relate to circulating KL levels, nor to the rate of the methylation of the promoter region of the KL gene, only in males. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:47:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dea6386c72ad454ab23330ca31d9468b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:47:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-dea6386c72ad454ab23330ca31d9468b2023-11-16T20:44:11ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-02-0114252510.3390/genes14020525The Circulating Level of Klotho Is Not Dependent upon Physical Fitness and Age-Associated Methylation Increases at the Promoter Region of the Klotho GeneDora Aczel0Ferenc Torma1Matyas Jokai2Kristen McGreevy3Anita Boros4Yasuhiro Seki5Istvan Boldogh6Steve Horvath7Zsolt Radak8Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123 Budapest, HungaryResearch Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123 Budapest, HungaryResearch Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USAResearch Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123 Budapest, HungaryFaculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 2-579-15, JapanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USADepartment of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USAResearch Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary(1) Background: Higher levels of physical fitness are believed to increase the physiological quality of life and impact the aging process with a wide range of adaptive mechanisms, including the regulation of the expression of the age-associated klotho (KL) gene and protein levels. (2) Methods: Here, we tested the relationship between the DNA methylation-based epigenetic biomarkers PhenoAge and GrimAge and methylation of the promoter region of the KL gene, the circulating level of KL, and the stage of physical fitness and grip force in two groups of volunteer subjects, trained (TRND) and sedentary (SED), aged between 37 and 85 years old. (3) Results: The circulating KL level is negatively associated with chronological age in the TRND group (r = −0.19; <i>p</i> = 0.0295) but not in the SED group (r = −0.065; <i>p</i> = 0.5925). The age-associated decrease in circulating KL is partly due to the increased methylation of the KL gene. In addition, higher plasma KL is significantly related to epigenetic age-deceleration in the TRND group, assessed by the biomarker of PhenoAge (r = −0.21; <i>p</i> = 0.0192). (4) Conclusions: The level of physical fitness, on the other hand, does not relate to circulating KL levels, nor to the rate of the methylation of the promoter region of the KL gene, only in males.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/2/525agingklothomethylationepigenetic clockphysical fitness |
| spellingShingle | Dora Aczel Ferenc Torma Matyas Jokai Kristen McGreevy Anita Boros Yasuhiro Seki Istvan Boldogh Steve Horvath Zsolt Radak The Circulating Level of Klotho Is Not Dependent upon Physical Fitness and Age-Associated Methylation Increases at the Promoter Region of the Klotho Gene Genes aging klotho methylation epigenetic clock physical fitness |
| title | The Circulating Level of Klotho Is Not Dependent upon Physical Fitness and Age-Associated Methylation Increases at the Promoter Region of the Klotho Gene |
| title_full | The Circulating Level of Klotho Is Not Dependent upon Physical Fitness and Age-Associated Methylation Increases at the Promoter Region of the Klotho Gene |
| title_fullStr | The Circulating Level of Klotho Is Not Dependent upon Physical Fitness and Age-Associated Methylation Increases at the Promoter Region of the Klotho Gene |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Circulating Level of Klotho Is Not Dependent upon Physical Fitness and Age-Associated Methylation Increases at the Promoter Region of the Klotho Gene |
| title_short | The Circulating Level of Klotho Is Not Dependent upon Physical Fitness and Age-Associated Methylation Increases at the Promoter Region of the Klotho Gene |
| title_sort | circulating level of klotho is not dependent upon physical fitness and age associated methylation increases at the promoter region of the klotho gene |
| topic | aging klotho methylation epigenetic clock physical fitness |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/2/525 |
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