Case-Study-Based Overview of Methods and Technical Solutions of Analog and Digital Transmission in Measurement and Control Ship Systems
The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of possible solutions to improve the performance of measurement and control processes in maritime engineering applications. This improvement can be basically provided by adopting techniques to enhance the reliability of measurement/control system...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/18/6931 |
| _version_ | 1827656861377101824 |
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| author | Mostafa Abotaleb Janusz Mindykowski Boleslaw Dudojc Romuald Masnicki |
| author_facet | Mostafa Abotaleb Janusz Mindykowski Boleslaw Dudojc Romuald Masnicki |
| author_sort | Mostafa Abotaleb |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of possible solutions to improve the performance of measurement and control processes in maritime engineering applications. This improvement can be basically provided by adopting techniques to enhance the reliability of measurement/control systems based on the 4–20 mA analogue standard. This aspect will be discussed through a Simscape Simulink model illustrating methods of noise and ground loops elimination for pressure measurement of a 4–20 mA current loop in the tank level measurement system on a bulk carrier commercial ship. Alternatively, improved measurement and control processes can be rendered by utilizing smart transmitters based on wired hybrid analogue–digital (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer (HART)), wired digital (Foundation Fieldbus (FF)) or wireless (wireless HART) communication protocols. A brief theoretical description of these protocols will be presented in this article. As an example of using smart transmitters, a simulation-based case study will analyze the possible options to implement non-intrinsically safe as well as intrinsically safe FF models for the tank level measurement system on a bulk carrier commercial ship. Conclusions obtained through analysis of the simulation results will characterize the behavior of FF segments in safe as well as explosive hazardous areas, highlighting the characteristics of field barriers and segment protectors used in conjunction with the HPTC (High-Power Trunk Concept) intrinsically safe model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:34:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ded98be9cf404301b237f038b6ac4186 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:34:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-ded98be9cf404301b237f038b6ac41862023-11-23T18:51:39ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-09-012218693110.3390/s22186931Case-Study-Based Overview of Methods and Technical Solutions of Analog and Digital Transmission in Measurement and Control Ship SystemsMostafa Abotaleb0Janusz Mindykowski1Boleslaw Dudojc2Romuald Masnicki3Doctoral School, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, PolandFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, PolandFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, PolandFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, PolandThe purpose of this article is to provide an overview of possible solutions to improve the performance of measurement and control processes in maritime engineering applications. This improvement can be basically provided by adopting techniques to enhance the reliability of measurement/control systems based on the 4–20 mA analogue standard. This aspect will be discussed through a Simscape Simulink model illustrating methods of noise and ground loops elimination for pressure measurement of a 4–20 mA current loop in the tank level measurement system on a bulk carrier commercial ship. Alternatively, improved measurement and control processes can be rendered by utilizing smart transmitters based on wired hybrid analogue–digital (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer (HART)), wired digital (Foundation Fieldbus (FF)) or wireless (wireless HART) communication protocols. A brief theoretical description of these protocols will be presented in this article. As an example of using smart transmitters, a simulation-based case study will analyze the possible options to implement non-intrinsically safe as well as intrinsically safe FF models for the tank level measurement system on a bulk carrier commercial ship. Conclusions obtained through analysis of the simulation results will characterize the behavior of FF segments in safe as well as explosive hazardous areas, highlighting the characteristics of field barriers and segment protectors used in conjunction with the HPTC (High-Power Trunk Concept) intrinsically safe model.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/18/6931Foundation Fieldbusinstrumentation amplifiersignal isolationFISCOFNICOHPTC |
| spellingShingle | Mostafa Abotaleb Janusz Mindykowski Boleslaw Dudojc Romuald Masnicki Case-Study-Based Overview of Methods and Technical Solutions of Analog and Digital Transmission in Measurement and Control Ship Systems Sensors Foundation Fieldbus instrumentation amplifier signal isolation FISCO FNICO HPTC |
| title | Case-Study-Based Overview of Methods and Technical Solutions of Analog and Digital Transmission in Measurement and Control Ship Systems |
| title_full | Case-Study-Based Overview of Methods and Technical Solutions of Analog and Digital Transmission in Measurement and Control Ship Systems |
| title_fullStr | Case-Study-Based Overview of Methods and Technical Solutions of Analog and Digital Transmission in Measurement and Control Ship Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Case-Study-Based Overview of Methods and Technical Solutions of Analog and Digital Transmission in Measurement and Control Ship Systems |
| title_short | Case-Study-Based Overview of Methods and Technical Solutions of Analog and Digital Transmission in Measurement and Control Ship Systems |
| title_sort | case study based overview of methods and technical solutions of analog and digital transmission in measurement and control ship systems |
| topic | Foundation Fieldbus instrumentation amplifier signal isolation FISCO FNICO HPTC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/18/6931 |
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