Na–K Co‐deposition in Liquid‐Alloy Batteries Revealed by Operando Visualization
Despite the great prospects of alkali metal batteries, safety concerns associated with dendrite growth still limit their commercial applications. An attractive alternative is to use the room temperature liquid sodium–potassium alloy as the anode, which inherently prevents dendrite growth. Currently,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley-VCH
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Small Structures |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202300097 |
| _version_ | 1797504941445611520 |
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| author | Yong Cheng Chenxue Lin Chong Luo Weicheng Liu Ming-Sheng Wang |
| author_facet | Yong Cheng Chenxue Lin Chong Luo Weicheng Liu Ming-Sheng Wang |
| author_sort | Yong Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite the great prospects of alkali metal batteries, safety concerns associated with dendrite growth still limit their commercial applications. An attractive alternative is to use the room temperature liquid sodium–potassium alloy as the anode, which inherently prevents dendrite growth. Currently, Na–K alloy anodes allow only Na+ or K+ to be cycled, depending on the choice of electrolyte and ion selectivity of the cathode, which results in reduced energy density of the battery. Herein, the possibility of concurrent use of both Na+ and K+ ions in Na–K alloy anodes is explored, and the working mechanism by operando optical microscopy is investigated. It is found that the type of deposited metal is dictated by both salt and solvent in electrolyte. Impressively, Na–K co‐deposition is observed in KFSI‐DME electrolyte for the first time, which strongly influences the dendrite morphology and evolution. Furthermore, the current density also has a great impact on the deposition pattern, which allows dendrite‐free Na/K deposition on the liquid‐alloy anode. These findings enrich our understanding of the intricate electrochemical behaviors of Na–K binary electroactive alloy systems and offer guidance for the sufficient use of Na and K while avoiding dendrite formation in such liquid‐alloy batteries. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:11:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dee880b931264965b163d0885a2bb9f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2688-4062 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:11:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Small Structures |
| spelling | doaj.art-dee880b931264965b163d0885a2bb9f82023-11-23T08:10:45ZengWiley-VCHSmall Structures2688-40622023-11-01411n/an/a10.1002/sstr.202300097Na–K Co‐deposition in Liquid‐Alloy Batteries Revealed by Operando VisualizationYong Cheng0Chenxue Lin1Chong Luo2Weicheng Liu3Ming-Sheng Wang4State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 ChinaDespite the great prospects of alkali metal batteries, safety concerns associated with dendrite growth still limit their commercial applications. An attractive alternative is to use the room temperature liquid sodium–potassium alloy as the anode, which inherently prevents dendrite growth. Currently, Na–K alloy anodes allow only Na+ or K+ to be cycled, depending on the choice of electrolyte and ion selectivity of the cathode, which results in reduced energy density of the battery. Herein, the possibility of concurrent use of both Na+ and K+ ions in Na–K alloy anodes is explored, and the working mechanism by operando optical microscopy is investigated. It is found that the type of deposited metal is dictated by both salt and solvent in electrolyte. Impressively, Na–K co‐deposition is observed in KFSI‐DME electrolyte for the first time, which strongly influences the dendrite morphology and evolution. Furthermore, the current density also has a great impact on the deposition pattern, which allows dendrite‐free Na/K deposition on the liquid‐alloy anode. These findings enrich our understanding of the intricate electrochemical behaviors of Na–K binary electroactive alloy systems and offer guidance for the sufficient use of Na and K while avoiding dendrite formation in such liquid‐alloy batteries.https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202300097dendrite shrinkageliquid Na–K alloymetal deposition behaviorNa–K co‐depositionoperando optical microscopy |
| spellingShingle | Yong Cheng Chenxue Lin Chong Luo Weicheng Liu Ming-Sheng Wang Na–K Co‐deposition in Liquid‐Alloy Batteries Revealed by Operando Visualization Small Structures dendrite shrinkage liquid Na–K alloy metal deposition behavior Na–K co‐deposition operando optical microscopy |
| title | Na–K Co‐deposition in Liquid‐Alloy Batteries Revealed by Operando Visualization |
| title_full | Na–K Co‐deposition in Liquid‐Alloy Batteries Revealed by Operando Visualization |
| title_fullStr | Na–K Co‐deposition in Liquid‐Alloy Batteries Revealed by Operando Visualization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Na–K Co‐deposition in Liquid‐Alloy Batteries Revealed by Operando Visualization |
| title_short | Na–K Co‐deposition in Liquid‐Alloy Batteries Revealed by Operando Visualization |
| title_sort | na k co deposition in liquid alloy batteries revealed by operando visualization |
| topic | dendrite shrinkage liquid Na–K alloy metal deposition behavior Na–K co‐deposition operando optical microscopy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202300097 |
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