Phytotoxic Ozone Dose–Response Relationships for Durum Wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i>, Desf.)
Ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) pollution poses a significant threat to global crop productivity, particularly for wheat, one of the most important staple foods. While bread wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) is unequivocally considered highly sensitive to O<sub>3</sub>, duru...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/5/573 |
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| author | Riccardo Marzuoli Franco Faoro Valentina Picchi Giacomo A. Gerosa |
| author_facet | Riccardo Marzuoli Franco Faoro Valentina Picchi Giacomo A. Gerosa |
| author_sort | Riccardo Marzuoli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) pollution poses a significant threat to global crop productivity, particularly for wheat, one of the most important staple foods. While bread wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) is unequivocally considered highly sensitive to O<sub>3</sub>, durum wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i>) was often found to be more tolerant. This study investigated the O<sub>3</sub> dose–response relationships for durum wheat in the Mediterranean region, focusing mainly on grain yield losses, and utilizing the phytotoxic ozone dose (POD) metric to describe the intensity of the stressor. The results from two experiments with Open-Top Chambers performed in 2013 and 2014 on two relatively sensitive durum wheat cultivars confirmed that this wheat species is far more tolerant than bread wheat. The use of a local parameterization of a stomatal conductance model based on field measurements did not significantly improve the dose–response relationships obtained in comparison to the generic parameterization suggested by the Mapping Manual of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The POD6 critical level of 5 mmolO<sub>3</sub> m<sup>−2</sup> for 5% grain yield loss was remarkably higher than the one established for bread wheat with analogous experiments, highlighting that O<sub>3</sub> risk assessments based on bread wheat may largely overestimate the damage in the Mediterranean region where durum wheat cultivation prevails. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:22:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dee8fa7ac1f94e629ab46b941de4b191 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:22:47Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-dee8fa7ac1f94e629ab46b941de4b1912024-03-12T16:52:30ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-02-0113557310.3390/plants13050573Phytotoxic Ozone Dose–Response Relationships for Durum Wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i>, Desf.)Riccardo Marzuoli0Franco Faoro1Valentina Picchi2Giacomo A. Gerosa3Department of Mathematics and Physics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Via Garzetta 48, 25133 Brescia, ItalyCREA Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, Via Venezian 26, 20133 Milano, ItalyCREA Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, Via Venezian 26, 20133 Milano, ItalyDepartment of Mathematics and Physics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Via Garzetta 48, 25133 Brescia, ItalyOzone (O<sub>3</sub>) pollution poses a significant threat to global crop productivity, particularly for wheat, one of the most important staple foods. While bread wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) is unequivocally considered highly sensitive to O<sub>3</sub>, durum wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i>) was often found to be more tolerant. This study investigated the O<sub>3</sub> dose–response relationships for durum wheat in the Mediterranean region, focusing mainly on grain yield losses, and utilizing the phytotoxic ozone dose (POD) metric to describe the intensity of the stressor. The results from two experiments with Open-Top Chambers performed in 2013 and 2014 on two relatively sensitive durum wheat cultivars confirmed that this wheat species is far more tolerant than bread wheat. The use of a local parameterization of a stomatal conductance model based on field measurements did not significantly improve the dose–response relationships obtained in comparison to the generic parameterization suggested by the Mapping Manual of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The POD6 critical level of 5 mmolO<sub>3</sub> m<sup>−2</sup> for 5% grain yield loss was remarkably higher than the one established for bread wheat with analogous experiments, highlighting that O<sub>3</sub> risk assessments based on bread wheat may largely overestimate the damage in the Mediterranean region where durum wheat cultivation prevails.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/5/573durum wheatphytotoxic ozone doseopen-top chamberscrop yield |
| spellingShingle | Riccardo Marzuoli Franco Faoro Valentina Picchi Giacomo A. Gerosa Phytotoxic Ozone Dose–Response Relationships for Durum Wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i>, Desf.) Plants durum wheat phytotoxic ozone dose open-top chambers crop yield |
| title | Phytotoxic Ozone Dose–Response Relationships for Durum Wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i>, Desf.) |
| title_full | Phytotoxic Ozone Dose–Response Relationships for Durum Wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i>, Desf.) |
| title_fullStr | Phytotoxic Ozone Dose–Response Relationships for Durum Wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i>, Desf.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytotoxic Ozone Dose–Response Relationships for Durum Wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i>, Desf.) |
| title_short | Phytotoxic Ozone Dose–Response Relationships for Durum Wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i>, Desf.) |
| title_sort | phytotoxic ozone dose response relationships for durum wheat i triticum durum i desf |
| topic | durum wheat phytotoxic ozone dose open-top chambers crop yield |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/5/573 |
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