Age-related alterations in the cardiovascular responses to acute exercise in males and females: role of the exercise pressor reflex
Autonomic adjustments of the cardiovascular system are critical for initiating and sustaining exercise by facilitating the redistribution of blood flow and oxygen delivery to meet the metabolic demands of the active skeletal muscle. Afferent feedback from active skeletal muscles evokes reflex increa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2023.1287392/full |
| _version_ | 1797641307474100224 |
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| author | A. K. Grotle J. V. Langlo E. Holsbrekken A. J. Stone H. Tanaka P. J. Fadel |
| author_facet | A. K. Grotle J. V. Langlo E. Holsbrekken A. J. Stone H. Tanaka P. J. Fadel |
| author_sort | A. K. Grotle |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Autonomic adjustments of the cardiovascular system are critical for initiating and sustaining exercise by facilitating the redistribution of blood flow and oxygen delivery to meet the metabolic demands of the active skeletal muscle. Afferent feedback from active skeletal muscles evokes reflex increases in sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure (BP) (i.e., exercise pressor reflex) and contributes importantly to these primary neurovascular adjustments to exercise. When altered, this reflex contributes significantly to the exaggerated sympathetic and BP response to exercise observed in many cardiovascular-related diseases, highlighting the importance of examining the reflex and its underlying mechanism(s). A leading risk factor for the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in both males and females is aging. Although regular exercise is an effective strategy for mitigating the health burden of aging, older adults face a greater risk of experiencing an exaggerated cardiovascular response to exercise. However, the role of aging in mediating the exercise pressor reflex remains highly controversial, as conflicting findings have been reported. This review aims to provide a brief overview of the current understanding of the influence of aging on cardiovascular responses to exercise, focusing on the role of the exercise pressor reflex and proposing future directions for research. We reason that this review will serve as a resource for health professionals and researchers to stimulate a renewed interest in this critical area. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:43:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dee9188aa5d649179ec33857b3a136e1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:43:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-dee9188aa5d649179ec33857b3a136e12023-11-02T11:14:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2023-11-011410.3389/fphys.2023.12873921287392Age-related alterations in the cardiovascular responses to acute exercise in males and females: role of the exercise pressor reflexA. K. Grotle0J. V. Langlo1E. Holsbrekken2A. J. Stone3H. Tanaka4P. J. Fadel5Department of Sports, Food and Natural Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Sports, Food and Natural Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Sports, Food and Natural Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United StatesDepartment of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United StatesDepartment of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United StatesAutonomic adjustments of the cardiovascular system are critical for initiating and sustaining exercise by facilitating the redistribution of blood flow and oxygen delivery to meet the metabolic demands of the active skeletal muscle. Afferent feedback from active skeletal muscles evokes reflex increases in sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure (BP) (i.e., exercise pressor reflex) and contributes importantly to these primary neurovascular adjustments to exercise. When altered, this reflex contributes significantly to the exaggerated sympathetic and BP response to exercise observed in many cardiovascular-related diseases, highlighting the importance of examining the reflex and its underlying mechanism(s). A leading risk factor for the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in both males and females is aging. Although regular exercise is an effective strategy for mitigating the health burden of aging, older adults face a greater risk of experiencing an exaggerated cardiovascular response to exercise. However, the role of aging in mediating the exercise pressor reflex remains highly controversial, as conflicting findings have been reported. This review aims to provide a brief overview of the current understanding of the influence of aging on cardiovascular responses to exercise, focusing on the role of the exercise pressor reflex and proposing future directions for research. We reason that this review will serve as a resource for health professionals and researchers to stimulate a renewed interest in this critical area.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2023.1287392/fullblood pressuresympathetic nerve activitymetaboreflexmechanoreflexgroup III and IV muscle afferentsautonomic control |
| spellingShingle | A. K. Grotle J. V. Langlo E. Holsbrekken A. J. Stone H. Tanaka P. J. Fadel Age-related alterations in the cardiovascular responses to acute exercise in males and females: role of the exercise pressor reflex Frontiers in Physiology blood pressure sympathetic nerve activity metaboreflex mechanoreflex group III and IV muscle afferents autonomic control |
| title | Age-related alterations in the cardiovascular responses to acute exercise in males and females: role of the exercise pressor reflex |
| title_full | Age-related alterations in the cardiovascular responses to acute exercise in males and females: role of the exercise pressor reflex |
| title_fullStr | Age-related alterations in the cardiovascular responses to acute exercise in males and females: role of the exercise pressor reflex |
| title_full_unstemmed | Age-related alterations in the cardiovascular responses to acute exercise in males and females: role of the exercise pressor reflex |
| title_short | Age-related alterations in the cardiovascular responses to acute exercise in males and females: role of the exercise pressor reflex |
| title_sort | age related alterations in the cardiovascular responses to acute exercise in males and females role of the exercise pressor reflex |
| topic | blood pressure sympathetic nerve activity metaboreflex mechanoreflex group III and IV muscle afferents autonomic control |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2023.1287392/full |
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