Efficient Removal of Tannic Acid from Olive Mill Wastewater Using Carbon Steel Slag
Mediterranean countries experience a large production of olive oil, thus generating huge quantities of non-biodegradable vegetation waters. The discharge of these effluents into aquatic environments seriously affects the quality of surface waters. This study investigated the potential use of carbon...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/9/1/32 |
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| author | Otmane Sarti Fouad El Mansouri El Habib Yahia Emilia Otal José Morillo Mohamed Saidi |
| author_facet | Otmane Sarti Fouad El Mansouri El Habib Yahia Emilia Otal José Morillo Mohamed Saidi |
| author_sort | Otmane Sarti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mediterranean countries experience a large production of olive oil, thus generating huge quantities of non-biodegradable vegetation waters. The discharge of these effluents into aquatic environments seriously affects the quality of surface waters. This study investigated the potential use of carbon steel slag (SS) as an adsorbent and improver for reducing olive mill wastewater (OMWW) toxicity. The elemental and structural characterization of SS was carried out using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP/EOS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. OMWW characterization indicated that the effluent was acidic in nature, with a pH of 4.8, a higher conductivity reaching 14.92 mS/cm, higher COD of 157.31 g/L, rich in organic matter 112.33 g/L, and total phenolic compounds of 11.13 g/L. The neutralization capacity of SS was demonstrated by reducing the OMWW’s acidic character. Afterward, the adsorption of tannic acid (TA) was investigated using SS. Parameters such as contact time, initial TA concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperature were investigated. The kinetic study indicated that the adsorption of TA onto SS fitted well with the second pseudo-order (r = 0.99) and Elovich (r = 0.98) models, indicating that the adsorption of TA was mainly chemical and depends on the reactions of oxide hydrolysis and hydroxides dissolution. Moreover, Langmuir isotherm has greatly described the adsorption of TA on SS (R = 0.997), suggesting that the surface of SS is homogenous, and the adsorption occurs mainly in monolayer. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 714.28 mg/g, indicating the higher capacity of SS to reduce the polyphenolic compounds in OMWW. This study demonstrated that SS residue from the steelmaking industry could present a highly interesting material for OMWW remediation. |
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| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-def0219f21f84d8aa51c01d6ff409b862023-11-17T10:09:29ZengMDPI AGC2311-56292023-03-01913210.3390/c9010032Efficient Removal of Tannic Acid from Olive Mill Wastewater Using Carbon Steel SlagOtmane Sarti0Fouad El Mansouri1El Habib Yahia2Emilia Otal3José Morillo4Mohamed Saidi5Laboratory of LAMSE, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, P.O. Box 416, Tangier 90000, MoroccoResearch Team: Materials, Environment and Sustainable Development (MEDD), Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, P.O. Box 416, Tangier 93000, MoroccoLaboratory of LAMSE, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, P.O. Box 416, Tangier 90000, MoroccoDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Seville, Camino de Los Descubrimientos, s/n, 41092 Seville, SpainDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Seville, Camino de Los Descubrimientos, s/n, 41092 Seville, SpainLaboratory of LAMSE, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, P.O. Box 416, Tangier 90000, MoroccoMediterranean countries experience a large production of olive oil, thus generating huge quantities of non-biodegradable vegetation waters. The discharge of these effluents into aquatic environments seriously affects the quality of surface waters. This study investigated the potential use of carbon steel slag (SS) as an adsorbent and improver for reducing olive mill wastewater (OMWW) toxicity. The elemental and structural characterization of SS was carried out using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP/EOS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. OMWW characterization indicated that the effluent was acidic in nature, with a pH of 4.8, a higher conductivity reaching 14.92 mS/cm, higher COD of 157.31 g/L, rich in organic matter 112.33 g/L, and total phenolic compounds of 11.13 g/L. The neutralization capacity of SS was demonstrated by reducing the OMWW’s acidic character. Afterward, the adsorption of tannic acid (TA) was investigated using SS. Parameters such as contact time, initial TA concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperature were investigated. The kinetic study indicated that the adsorption of TA onto SS fitted well with the second pseudo-order (r = 0.99) and Elovich (r = 0.98) models, indicating that the adsorption of TA was mainly chemical and depends on the reactions of oxide hydrolysis and hydroxides dissolution. Moreover, Langmuir isotherm has greatly described the adsorption of TA on SS (R = 0.997), suggesting that the surface of SS is homogenous, and the adsorption occurs mainly in monolayer. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 714.28 mg/g, indicating the higher capacity of SS to reduce the polyphenolic compounds in OMWW. This study demonstrated that SS residue from the steelmaking industry could present a highly interesting material for OMWW remediation.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/9/1/32OMWWadsorptioncarbon steel slagtannic acid |
| spellingShingle | Otmane Sarti Fouad El Mansouri El Habib Yahia Emilia Otal José Morillo Mohamed Saidi Efficient Removal of Tannic Acid from Olive Mill Wastewater Using Carbon Steel Slag C OMWW adsorption carbon steel slag tannic acid |
| title | Efficient Removal of Tannic Acid from Olive Mill Wastewater Using Carbon Steel Slag |
| title_full | Efficient Removal of Tannic Acid from Olive Mill Wastewater Using Carbon Steel Slag |
| title_fullStr | Efficient Removal of Tannic Acid from Olive Mill Wastewater Using Carbon Steel Slag |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficient Removal of Tannic Acid from Olive Mill Wastewater Using Carbon Steel Slag |
| title_short | Efficient Removal of Tannic Acid from Olive Mill Wastewater Using Carbon Steel Slag |
| title_sort | efficient removal of tannic acid from olive mill wastewater using carbon steel slag |
| topic | OMWW adsorption carbon steel slag tannic acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/9/1/32 |
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