pH Modulated Formation of Complexes with Various Stoichiometry between Polymer Network and Fe(III) in Thermosensitive Gels Modified with Gallic Acid
Thermoresponsive gels based on <i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide functionalized with amino groups were modified with gallic acid, with gallate (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic) groups being introduced into the polymer network. We investigated how the properties of these gels were affected at varying...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Gels |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/6/447 |
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| author | Klaudia Kaniewska Patrycja Kościelniak Marcin Karbarz |
| author_facet | Klaudia Kaniewska Patrycja Kościelniak Marcin Karbarz |
| author_sort | Klaudia Kaniewska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thermoresponsive gels based on <i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide functionalized with amino groups were modified with gallic acid, with gallate (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic) groups being introduced into the polymer network. We investigated how the properties of these gels were affected at varying pH, by the formation of complexes between the polymer network of the gels and Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions (which form stable complexes with gallic acid, exhibiting 1:1, 1:2, or 1:3 stoichiometry, depending on pH). The formation of complexes with varying stoichiometry within the gel was confirmed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, and the influence of such complexes on swelling behavior and volume phase transition temperature were investigated. In the appropriate temperature range, complex stoichiometry was found to strongly affect the swelling state. Changes in the pore structure and mechanical properties of the gel caused by the formation of complexes with varying stoichiometry were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and rheological measurements, respectively. The volume changes exhibited by p(NIPA-5%APMA)-Gal-Fe gel were found to be greatest at close to human body temperature (~38 °C). Modification of thermoresponsive pNIPA gel with gallic acid opens new opportunities for the development of pH- and thermosensitive gel materials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:26:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-def88026f39348d98c64d43769ab5fa5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2310-2861 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:26:50Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gels |
| spelling | doaj.art-def88026f39348d98c64d43769ab5fa52023-11-18T10:32:04ZengMDPI AGGels2310-28612023-05-019644710.3390/gels9060447pH Modulated Formation of Complexes with Various Stoichiometry between Polymer Network and Fe(III) in Thermosensitive Gels Modified with Gallic AcidKlaudia Kaniewska0Patrycja Kościelniak1Marcin Karbarz2Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Center, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteura Str., PL-02-093 Warsaw, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Center, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteura Str., PL-02-093 Warsaw, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Center, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteura Str., PL-02-093 Warsaw, PolandThermoresponsive gels based on <i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide functionalized with amino groups were modified with gallic acid, with gallate (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic) groups being introduced into the polymer network. We investigated how the properties of these gels were affected at varying pH, by the formation of complexes between the polymer network of the gels and Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions (which form stable complexes with gallic acid, exhibiting 1:1, 1:2, or 1:3 stoichiometry, depending on pH). The formation of complexes with varying stoichiometry within the gel was confirmed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, and the influence of such complexes on swelling behavior and volume phase transition temperature were investigated. In the appropriate temperature range, complex stoichiometry was found to strongly affect the swelling state. Changes in the pore structure and mechanical properties of the gel caused by the formation of complexes with varying stoichiometry were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and rheological measurements, respectively. The volume changes exhibited by p(NIPA-5%APMA)-Gal-Fe gel were found to be greatest at close to human body temperature (~38 °C). Modification of thermoresponsive pNIPA gel with gallic acid opens new opportunities for the development of pH- and thermosensitive gel materials.https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/6/447gallic acidthermosensitive gelpH-sensitive geliron complexvolume phase transition |
| spellingShingle | Klaudia Kaniewska Patrycja Kościelniak Marcin Karbarz pH Modulated Formation of Complexes with Various Stoichiometry between Polymer Network and Fe(III) in Thermosensitive Gels Modified with Gallic Acid Gels gallic acid thermosensitive gel pH-sensitive gel iron complex volume phase transition |
| title | pH Modulated Formation of Complexes with Various Stoichiometry between Polymer Network and Fe(III) in Thermosensitive Gels Modified with Gallic Acid |
| title_full | pH Modulated Formation of Complexes with Various Stoichiometry between Polymer Network and Fe(III) in Thermosensitive Gels Modified with Gallic Acid |
| title_fullStr | pH Modulated Formation of Complexes with Various Stoichiometry between Polymer Network and Fe(III) in Thermosensitive Gels Modified with Gallic Acid |
| title_full_unstemmed | pH Modulated Formation of Complexes with Various Stoichiometry between Polymer Network and Fe(III) in Thermosensitive Gels Modified with Gallic Acid |
| title_short | pH Modulated Formation of Complexes with Various Stoichiometry between Polymer Network and Fe(III) in Thermosensitive Gels Modified with Gallic Acid |
| title_sort | ph modulated formation of complexes with various stoichiometry between polymer network and fe iii in thermosensitive gels modified with gallic acid |
| topic | gallic acid thermosensitive gel pH-sensitive gel iron complex volume phase transition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/6/447 |
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