Advances in Pancreatic Islet Transplantation Sites for the Treatment of Diabetes
Diabetes is a complex disease that affects over 400 million people worldwide. The life-long insulin injections and continuous blood glucose monitoring required in type 1 diabetes (T1D) represent a tremendous clinical and economic burdens that urges the need for a medical solution. Pancreatic islet t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.732431/full |
| _version_ | 1818363204209737728 |
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| author | Fritz Cayabyab Lina R. Nih Lina R. Nih Eiji Yoshihara Eiji Yoshihara |
| author_facet | Fritz Cayabyab Lina R. Nih Lina R. Nih Eiji Yoshihara Eiji Yoshihara |
| author_sort | Fritz Cayabyab |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetes is a complex disease that affects over 400 million people worldwide. The life-long insulin injections and continuous blood glucose monitoring required in type 1 diabetes (T1D) represent a tremendous clinical and economic burdens that urges the need for a medical solution. Pancreatic islet transplantation holds great promise in the treatment of T1D; however, the difficulty in regulating post-transplantation immune reactions to avoid both allogenic and autoimmune graft rejection represent a bottleneck in the field of islet transplantation. Cell replacement strategies have been performed in hepatic, intramuscular, omentum, and subcutaneous sites, and have been performed in both animal models and human patients. However more optimal transplantation sites and methods of improving islet graft survival are needed to successfully translate these studies to a clinical relevant therapy. In this review, we summarize the current progress in the field as well as methods and sites of islet transplantation, including stem cell-derived functional human islets. We also discuss the contribution of immune cells, vessel formation, extracellular matrix, and nutritional supply on islet graft survival. Developing new transplantation sites with emerging technologies to improve islet graft survival and simplify immune regulation will greatly benefit the future success of islet cell therapy in the treatment of diabetes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:44:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-deff35c63bd84dc1a2ce5b60cb2760ad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:44:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-deff35c63bd84dc1a2ce5b60cb2760ad2022-12-21T23:30:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922021-09-011210.3389/fendo.2021.732431732431Advances in Pancreatic Islet Transplantation Sites for the Treatment of DiabetesFritz Cayabyab0Lina R. Nih1Lina R. Nih2Eiji Yoshihara3Eiji Yoshihara4Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United StatesLundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United StatesDavid Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesLundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United StatesDavid Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesDiabetes is a complex disease that affects over 400 million people worldwide. The life-long insulin injections and continuous blood glucose monitoring required in type 1 diabetes (T1D) represent a tremendous clinical and economic burdens that urges the need for a medical solution. Pancreatic islet transplantation holds great promise in the treatment of T1D; however, the difficulty in regulating post-transplantation immune reactions to avoid both allogenic and autoimmune graft rejection represent a bottleneck in the field of islet transplantation. Cell replacement strategies have been performed in hepatic, intramuscular, omentum, and subcutaneous sites, and have been performed in both animal models and human patients. However more optimal transplantation sites and methods of improving islet graft survival are needed to successfully translate these studies to a clinical relevant therapy. In this review, we summarize the current progress in the field as well as methods and sites of islet transplantation, including stem cell-derived functional human islets. We also discuss the contribution of immune cells, vessel formation, extracellular matrix, and nutritional supply on islet graft survival. Developing new transplantation sites with emerging technologies to improve islet graft survival and simplify immune regulation will greatly benefit the future success of islet cell therapy in the treatment of diabetes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.732431/fullislet transplantationdiabetesvascularizationbiomaterialsstem cells |
| spellingShingle | Fritz Cayabyab Lina R. Nih Lina R. Nih Eiji Yoshihara Eiji Yoshihara Advances in Pancreatic Islet Transplantation Sites for the Treatment of Diabetes Frontiers in Endocrinology islet transplantation diabetes vascularization biomaterials stem cells |
| title | Advances in Pancreatic Islet Transplantation Sites for the Treatment of Diabetes |
| title_full | Advances in Pancreatic Islet Transplantation Sites for the Treatment of Diabetes |
| title_fullStr | Advances in Pancreatic Islet Transplantation Sites for the Treatment of Diabetes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advances in Pancreatic Islet Transplantation Sites for the Treatment of Diabetes |
| title_short | Advances in Pancreatic Islet Transplantation Sites for the Treatment of Diabetes |
| title_sort | advances in pancreatic islet transplantation sites for the treatment of diabetes |
| topic | islet transplantation diabetes vascularization biomaterials stem cells |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.732431/full |
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