Differences in Susceptibility to Okadaic Acid, a Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning Toxin, between Male and Female Mice
The mouse bioassay (MBA) for diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins has been widely used in many countries of the world. In the Japanese and EU methods, male mice are designated to be used for MBA. Female mice were described to be less susceptible than male mice. To the best of our knowledge, h...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2012-12-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/5/1/9 |
| _version_ | 1798034278304448512 |
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| author | Hodaka Suzuki |
| author_facet | Hodaka Suzuki |
| author_sort | Hodaka Suzuki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The mouse bioassay (MBA) for diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins has been widely used in many countries of the world. In the Japanese and EU methods, male mice are designated to be used for MBA. Female mice were described to be less susceptible than male mice. To the best of our knowledge, however, there have been no reports on the details of sex differences in susceptibility to DSP toxins. In this study, we investigated whether, and to what extent, female mice are less sensitive to DSP toxins. A lethal dose of okadaic acid (OA), one of the representative DSP toxins, was injected intraperitoneally into mice. The mice were observed until 24 hours after injection. Both male and female mice of ICR and ddY strains, which are designated in the Japanese official method, were compared. All the mice were four weeks old and weighed 18–20 g. The experiments were repeated twice. The lethality was 70%–100%. Survival analysis showed no sex differences in susceptibility to OA, but ICR female mice showed significant resistance compared with other groups in one out of two trials. These results indicate that sex differences were not clear but, nonetheless, male mice showed more stable results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:42:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-df17f6a7d68a4318aebf1753dba39b69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:42:06Z |
| publishDate | 2012-12-01 |
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| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-df17f6a7d68a4318aebf1753dba39b692022-12-22T04:04:11ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512012-12-015191510.3390/toxins5010009Differences in Susceptibility to Okadaic Acid, a Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning Toxin, between Male and Female MiceHodaka SuzukiThe mouse bioassay (MBA) for diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins has been widely used in many countries of the world. In the Japanese and EU methods, male mice are designated to be used for MBA. Female mice were described to be less susceptible than male mice. To the best of our knowledge, however, there have been no reports on the details of sex differences in susceptibility to DSP toxins. In this study, we investigated whether, and to what extent, female mice are less sensitive to DSP toxins. A lethal dose of okadaic acid (OA), one of the representative DSP toxins, was injected intraperitoneally into mice. The mice were observed until 24 hours after injection. Both male and female mice of ICR and ddY strains, which are designated in the Japanese official method, were compared. All the mice were four weeks old and weighed 18–20 g. The experiments were repeated twice. The lethality was 70%–100%. Survival analysis showed no sex differences in susceptibility to OA, but ICR female mice showed significant resistance compared with other groups in one out of two trials. These results indicate that sex differences were not clear but, nonetheless, male mice showed more stable results.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/5/1/9sex differenceokadaic acidmouse bioassaydiarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxin |
| spellingShingle | Hodaka Suzuki Differences in Susceptibility to Okadaic Acid, a Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning Toxin, between Male and Female Mice Toxins sex difference okadaic acid mouse bioassay diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxin |
| title | Differences in Susceptibility to Okadaic Acid, a Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning Toxin, between Male and Female Mice |
| title_full | Differences in Susceptibility to Okadaic Acid, a Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning Toxin, between Male and Female Mice |
| title_fullStr | Differences in Susceptibility to Okadaic Acid, a Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning Toxin, between Male and Female Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differences in Susceptibility to Okadaic Acid, a Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning Toxin, between Male and Female Mice |
| title_short | Differences in Susceptibility to Okadaic Acid, a Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning Toxin, between Male and Female Mice |
| title_sort | differences in susceptibility to okadaic acid a diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxin between male and female mice |
| topic | sex difference okadaic acid mouse bioassay diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxin |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/5/1/9 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hodakasuzuki differencesinsusceptibilitytookadaicacidadiarrheticshellfishpoisoningtoxinbetweenmaleandfemalemice |