Corrosion Susceptibility and Allergy Potential of Austenitic Stainless Steels
Although called stainless steels, austenitic steels are sensitive to localized corrosion, namely pitting, crevice, and intergranular form. Seventeen grades of steel were tested for localized corrosion. Steels were also tested in general corrosion and in galvanic couplings (steels–precious alloys) us...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/18/4187 |
| _version_ | 1797553134708457472 |
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| author | Lucien Reclaru Lavinia Cosmina Ardelean |
| author_facet | Lucien Reclaru Lavinia Cosmina Ardelean |
| author_sort | Lucien Reclaru |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although called stainless steels, austenitic steels are sensitive to localized corrosion, namely pitting, crevice, and intergranular form. Seventeen grades of steel were tested for localized corrosion. Steels were also tested in general corrosion and in galvanic couplings (steels–precious alloys) used in watchmaking applications. The evaluations have been carried out in accordance with the ASTM standards which specifically concern the forms of corrosion namely, general (B117-97, salt fog test), pitting (G48-11, FeCl<sub>3</sub>), crevice (F746-87) and intergranular (A262-15, Strauss chemical test and G108-94, Electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation test). All tests revealed sensitivity to corrosion. We have noticed that the transverse face is clearly more sensitive than the longitudinal face, in the direction of rolling process. The same conclusion has been drawn from the tests of nickel release. It should be pointed out that, despite the fact that the grade of steel is in conformity with the classification standards, the behavior is very different from one manufacturer to another, due to parameters dependent on the production process, such as casting volume, alloying additions, and deoxidizing agents. The quantities of nickel released are related to the operations involved in the manufacturing process. Heat treatments reduce the quantities of nickel released. The surface state has little influence on the release. The hardening procedures increase the quantities of nickel released. The quantities of released nickel are influenced by the inclusionary state and the existence of the secondary phases in the steel structure. Another aspect is related to the strong dispersion of results concerning nickel release and corrosion behavior of raw materials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:11:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-df1939a34b6e475195c63e1bee53f8c4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:11:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-df1939a34b6e475195c63e1bee53f8c42023-11-20T14:28:04ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-09-011318418710.3390/ma13184187Corrosion Susceptibility and Allergy Potential of Austenitic Stainless SteelsLucien Reclaru0Lavinia Cosmina Ardelean1Scientific Independent Consultant Biomaterials and Medical Devices, 103 Paul-Vouga, 2074 Marin-Neuchâtel, SwitzerlandDepartment of Technology of Materials and Devices in Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu sq, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaAlthough called stainless steels, austenitic steels are sensitive to localized corrosion, namely pitting, crevice, and intergranular form. Seventeen grades of steel were tested for localized corrosion. Steels were also tested in general corrosion and in galvanic couplings (steels–precious alloys) used in watchmaking applications. The evaluations have been carried out in accordance with the ASTM standards which specifically concern the forms of corrosion namely, general (B117-97, salt fog test), pitting (G48-11, FeCl<sub>3</sub>), crevice (F746-87) and intergranular (A262-15, Strauss chemical test and G108-94, Electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation test). All tests revealed sensitivity to corrosion. We have noticed that the transverse face is clearly more sensitive than the longitudinal face, in the direction of rolling process. The same conclusion has been drawn from the tests of nickel release. It should be pointed out that, despite the fact that the grade of steel is in conformity with the classification standards, the behavior is very different from one manufacturer to another, due to parameters dependent on the production process, such as casting volume, alloying additions, and deoxidizing agents. The quantities of nickel released are related to the operations involved in the manufacturing process. Heat treatments reduce the quantities of nickel released. The surface state has little influence on the release. The hardening procedures increase the quantities of nickel released. The quantities of released nickel are influenced by the inclusionary state and the existence of the secondary phases in the steel structure. Another aspect is related to the strong dispersion of results concerning nickel release and corrosion behavior of raw materials.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/18/4187austenitic steelsgeneral (uniform) corrosionpitting corrosioncrevice corrosionintergranular corrosiongalvanic couplings |
| spellingShingle | Lucien Reclaru Lavinia Cosmina Ardelean Corrosion Susceptibility and Allergy Potential of Austenitic Stainless Steels Materials austenitic steels general (uniform) corrosion pitting corrosion crevice corrosion intergranular corrosion galvanic couplings |
| title | Corrosion Susceptibility and Allergy Potential of Austenitic Stainless Steels |
| title_full | Corrosion Susceptibility and Allergy Potential of Austenitic Stainless Steels |
| title_fullStr | Corrosion Susceptibility and Allergy Potential of Austenitic Stainless Steels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Corrosion Susceptibility and Allergy Potential of Austenitic Stainless Steels |
| title_short | Corrosion Susceptibility and Allergy Potential of Austenitic Stainless Steels |
| title_sort | corrosion susceptibility and allergy potential of austenitic stainless steels |
| topic | austenitic steels general (uniform) corrosion pitting corrosion crevice corrosion intergranular corrosion galvanic couplings |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/18/4187 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lucienreclaru corrosionsusceptibilityandallergypotentialofausteniticstainlesssteels AT laviniacosminaardelean corrosionsusceptibilityandallergypotentialofausteniticstainlesssteels |