Moisture mitigation using a vented liner and a vented socket system for individuals with transfemoral amputation
Abstract Sweating and heat buildup at the skin-liner interface is a major challenge for persons with limb loss. Liners made of heat-non-conducting materials may cause sweating of the residual limb and may result in liners slipping off the skin surface especially on a warm day or during high activity...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43572-2 |
| _version_ | 1797452684269191168 |
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| author | Surya C. Gnyawali Jeffrey A. Denune Bryce Hockman Jóna Valgerður Kristjánsdóttir Margrét Sól Ragnarsdóttir Lava R. Timsina Subhadip Ghatak Knut Lechler Chandan K. Sen Sashwati Roy |
| author_facet | Surya C. Gnyawali Jeffrey A. Denune Bryce Hockman Jóna Valgerður Kristjánsdóttir Margrét Sól Ragnarsdóttir Lava R. Timsina Subhadip Ghatak Knut Lechler Chandan K. Sen Sashwati Roy |
| author_sort | Surya C. Gnyawali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Sweating and heat buildup at the skin-liner interface is a major challenge for persons with limb loss. Liners made of heat-non-conducting materials may cause sweating of the residual limb and may result in liners slipping off the skin surface especially on a warm day or during high activity, causing skin breakdown and affecting limb health. To address this, we evaluated the efficacy of the vented liner-socket system (VS, Össur) compared to Seal-In silicone liner and non-vented socket (nVS, Össur) in reducing relative humidity (RH) during increased sweat. Nine individuals with limb loss using nVS were randomized to VS or nVS and asked for activity in a 20-min treadmill walk. RH was significantly attenuated (p = 0.0002) and perceived sweating, as reported by prosthesis users, improved (p = 0.028) with VS, patient-reported comprehensive lower limb amputee socket survey (CLASS) outcomes to determine the suspension, stability, and comfort were not significantly different between VS and nVS. There are limited rigorous scientific studies that clearly provide evidence-based guidelines to the prosthetist in the selection of liners from numerous available options. The present study is innovative in clearly establishing objective measures for assessing humidity and temperatures at the skin-liner interface while performing activity. As shown by the measured data and perceived sweat scores provided by the subjects based on their daily experience, this study provided clear evidence establishing relative humidity at the skin-liner interface is reduced with the use of a vented liner-socket system when compared to a similar non-vented system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:12:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-df22d3175dc7498695879db785fde9fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:12:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-df22d3175dc7498695879db785fde9fd2023-11-26T13:21:09ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-10-0113111110.1038/s41598-023-43572-2Moisture mitigation using a vented liner and a vented socket system for individuals with transfemoral amputationSurya C. Gnyawali0Jeffrey A. Denune1Bryce Hockman2Jóna Valgerður Kristjánsdóttir3Margrét Sól Ragnarsdóttir4Lava R. Timsina5Subhadip Ghatak6Knut Lechler7Chandan K. Sen8Sashwati Roy9McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine (MIRM), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineIndiana Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering (ICRME), Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Centre, Indiana University School of MedicineIndiana Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering (ICRME), Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Centre, Indiana University School of MedicineÖssur Ehf., R&D, Medical OfficeÖssur Ehf., R&D, Medical OfficeIndiana Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering (ICRME), Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Centre, Indiana University School of MedicineMcGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine (MIRM), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineÖssur Ehf., R&D, Medical OfficeMcGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine (MIRM), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineMcGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine (MIRM), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineAbstract Sweating and heat buildup at the skin-liner interface is a major challenge for persons with limb loss. Liners made of heat-non-conducting materials may cause sweating of the residual limb and may result in liners slipping off the skin surface especially on a warm day or during high activity, causing skin breakdown and affecting limb health. To address this, we evaluated the efficacy of the vented liner-socket system (VS, Össur) compared to Seal-In silicone liner and non-vented socket (nVS, Össur) in reducing relative humidity (RH) during increased sweat. Nine individuals with limb loss using nVS were randomized to VS or nVS and asked for activity in a 20-min treadmill walk. RH was significantly attenuated (p = 0.0002) and perceived sweating, as reported by prosthesis users, improved (p = 0.028) with VS, patient-reported comprehensive lower limb amputee socket survey (CLASS) outcomes to determine the suspension, stability, and comfort were not significantly different between VS and nVS. There are limited rigorous scientific studies that clearly provide evidence-based guidelines to the prosthetist in the selection of liners from numerous available options. The present study is innovative in clearly establishing objective measures for assessing humidity and temperatures at the skin-liner interface while performing activity. As shown by the measured data and perceived sweat scores provided by the subjects based on their daily experience, this study provided clear evidence establishing relative humidity at the skin-liner interface is reduced with the use of a vented liner-socket system when compared to a similar non-vented system.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43572-2 |
| spellingShingle | Surya C. Gnyawali Jeffrey A. Denune Bryce Hockman Jóna Valgerður Kristjánsdóttir Margrét Sól Ragnarsdóttir Lava R. Timsina Subhadip Ghatak Knut Lechler Chandan K. Sen Sashwati Roy Moisture mitigation using a vented liner and a vented socket system for individuals with transfemoral amputation Scientific Reports |
| title | Moisture mitigation using a vented liner and a vented socket system for individuals with transfemoral amputation |
| title_full | Moisture mitigation using a vented liner and a vented socket system for individuals with transfemoral amputation |
| title_fullStr | Moisture mitigation using a vented liner and a vented socket system for individuals with transfemoral amputation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Moisture mitigation using a vented liner and a vented socket system for individuals with transfemoral amputation |
| title_short | Moisture mitigation using a vented liner and a vented socket system for individuals with transfemoral amputation |
| title_sort | moisture mitigation using a vented liner and a vented socket system for individuals with transfemoral amputation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43572-2 |
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