Development of an Improved Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria-Based Ecotoxicity Test for Simple and Rapid On-Site Application
Microbial toxicity tests are considered efficient screening tools for the assessment of water contamination. The objective of this study was to develop a sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB)-based ecotoxicity test with high sensitivity and reproducibility for simple and rapid on-site application. To atta...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/4/352 |
| _version_ | 1797603389556654080 |
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| author | Heonseop Eom |
| author_facet | Heonseop Eom |
| author_sort | Heonseop Eom |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microbial toxicity tests are considered efficient screening tools for the assessment of water contamination. The objective of this study was to develop a sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB)-based ecotoxicity test with high sensitivity and reproducibility for simple and rapid on-site application. To attain this goal, we developed a 25 mL vial-based toxicity kit and improved our earlier SOB toxicity test technique. The current study applied a suspended form of SOB and shortened the processing time to 30 min. Moreover, we optimized the test conditions of the SOB toxicity kit in terms of initial cell density, incubating temperature, and mixing intensity during incubation. We determined that 2 × 10<sup>5</sup> cells/mL initial cell density, 32 °C incubating temperature, and 120 rpm mixing intensity are the optimal test conditions. Using these test conditions, we performed SOB toxicity tests for heavy metals and petrochemicals, and obtained better detection sensitivity and test reproducibility, compared to earlier SOB tests. Our SOB toxicity kit tests have numerous advantages, including a straightforward test protocol, no requirement of sophisticated laboratory equipment, and no distortion of test results from false readings of end-points and properties of test samples, making it suitable for simple and rapid on-site application. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:28:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-df2409cc86144842b4d5b711fcf76a5d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:28:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-df2409cc86144842b4d5b711fcf76a5d2023-11-17T21:37:40ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042023-04-0111435210.3390/toxics11040352Development of an Improved Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria-Based Ecotoxicity Test for Simple and Rapid On-Site ApplicationHeonseop Eom0Department of Civil Engineering, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of KoreaMicrobial toxicity tests are considered efficient screening tools for the assessment of water contamination. The objective of this study was to develop a sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB)-based ecotoxicity test with high sensitivity and reproducibility for simple and rapid on-site application. To attain this goal, we developed a 25 mL vial-based toxicity kit and improved our earlier SOB toxicity test technique. The current study applied a suspended form of SOB and shortened the processing time to 30 min. Moreover, we optimized the test conditions of the SOB toxicity kit in terms of initial cell density, incubating temperature, and mixing intensity during incubation. We determined that 2 × 10<sup>5</sup> cells/mL initial cell density, 32 °C incubating temperature, and 120 rpm mixing intensity are the optimal test conditions. Using these test conditions, we performed SOB toxicity tests for heavy metals and petrochemicals, and obtained better detection sensitivity and test reproducibility, compared to earlier SOB tests. Our SOB toxicity kit tests have numerous advantages, including a straightforward test protocol, no requirement of sophisticated laboratory equipment, and no distortion of test results from false readings of end-points and properties of test samples, making it suitable for simple and rapid on-site application.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/4/352ecotoxicitysulfur-oxidizing bacteriaelectrical conductivity |
| spellingShingle | Heonseop Eom Development of an Improved Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria-Based Ecotoxicity Test for Simple and Rapid On-Site Application Toxics ecotoxicity sulfur-oxidizing bacteria electrical conductivity |
| title | Development of an Improved Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria-Based Ecotoxicity Test for Simple and Rapid On-Site Application |
| title_full | Development of an Improved Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria-Based Ecotoxicity Test for Simple and Rapid On-Site Application |
| title_fullStr | Development of an Improved Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria-Based Ecotoxicity Test for Simple and Rapid On-Site Application |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of an Improved Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria-Based Ecotoxicity Test for Simple and Rapid On-Site Application |
| title_short | Development of an Improved Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria-Based Ecotoxicity Test for Simple and Rapid On-Site Application |
| title_sort | development of an improved sulfur oxidizing bacteria based ecotoxicity test for simple and rapid on site application |
| topic | ecotoxicity sulfur-oxidizing bacteria electrical conductivity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/4/352 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT heonseopeom developmentofanimprovedsulfuroxidizingbacteriabasedecotoxicitytestforsimpleandrapidonsiteapplication |