Investigation of Strain-Induced Precipitation of Niobium Carbide in Niobium Micro-Alloyed Steels at Elevated Temperatures
Two steels with a base composition of Fe-0.2C-0.8Mn-1.2Cr (wt%) but with different niobium (Nb) contents (0.02 and 0.03 wt%) were employed to study the effect of precipitate evolution on the softening resistance in the austenite region under elevated temperature deformation. The thermomechanical pro...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/1619 |
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| author | Tzu-Ching Tsao Po-Han Chiu Chien-Yu Tseng Cheng-Lin Tai Hsueh-Ren Chen Tsai-Fu Chung Chih-Yuan Chen Shing-Hoa Wang Yu-Ting Tsai Jer-Ren Yang |
| author_facet | Tzu-Ching Tsao Po-Han Chiu Chien-Yu Tseng Cheng-Lin Tai Hsueh-Ren Chen Tsai-Fu Chung Chih-Yuan Chen Shing-Hoa Wang Yu-Ting Tsai Jer-Ren Yang |
| author_sort | Tzu-Ching Tsao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Two steels with a base composition of Fe-0.2C-0.8Mn-1.2Cr (wt%) but with different niobium (Nb) contents (0.02 and 0.03 wt%) were employed to study the effect of precipitate evolution on the softening resistance in the austenite region under elevated temperature deformation. The thermomechanical procedure was executed by a deformation-dilatometer and involved double deformation processes with 25% strain at a 0.25 s<sup>−1</sup> strain rate at 900, 925, 950, and 1000 °C. The softening ratios, reflecting the competition between recrystallization and precipitation, were evaluated. The results indicated that both steels showed better softening resistance at 900 °C than at other temperatures. However, the softening ratio of 0.03 wt% Nb-containing steel (Steel 3N) rose after 100 s at 900 °C, while 0.02 wt% Nb-containing steel (Steel 2N) maintained a low softening ratio within 300 s at 900 °C, indicating that Steel 3N was relatively non-durable. A microstructural characterization showed that in the Steel 3N sample deformed at 900 °C, recrystallization occurred more strongly than for Steel 2N after a 1000 s holding time. A follow-up analysis then showed that Steel 3N treated at 900 °C revealed a faster coarsening of the carbides than Steel 2N even in the early stage of precipitation, evidencing that Steel 2N exhibited a lower softening resistance at 900 °C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:48:44Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:48:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-df38c23c3d4c440697e3d0dfbbb917f32023-11-24T01:17:58ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012022-09-011210161910.3390/met12101619Investigation of Strain-Induced Precipitation of Niobium Carbide in Niobium Micro-Alloyed Steels at Elevated TemperaturesTzu-Ching Tsao0Po-Han Chiu1Chien-Yu Tseng2Cheng-Lin Tai3Hsueh-Ren Chen4Tsai-Fu Chung5Chih-Yuan Chen6Shing-Hoa Wang7Yu-Ting Tsai8Jer-Ren Yang9Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Intellectual Property, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, TaiwanDepartment of Research and Development, China Steel Corporation, Kaohsiung 81233, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanTwo steels with a base composition of Fe-0.2C-0.8Mn-1.2Cr (wt%) but with different niobium (Nb) contents (0.02 and 0.03 wt%) were employed to study the effect of precipitate evolution on the softening resistance in the austenite region under elevated temperature deformation. The thermomechanical procedure was executed by a deformation-dilatometer and involved double deformation processes with 25% strain at a 0.25 s<sup>−1</sup> strain rate at 900, 925, 950, and 1000 °C. The softening ratios, reflecting the competition between recrystallization and precipitation, were evaluated. The results indicated that both steels showed better softening resistance at 900 °C than at other temperatures. However, the softening ratio of 0.03 wt% Nb-containing steel (Steel 3N) rose after 100 s at 900 °C, while 0.02 wt% Nb-containing steel (Steel 2N) maintained a low softening ratio within 300 s at 900 °C, indicating that Steel 3N was relatively non-durable. A microstructural characterization showed that in the Steel 3N sample deformed at 900 °C, recrystallization occurred more strongly than for Steel 2N after a 1000 s holding time. A follow-up analysis then showed that Steel 3N treated at 900 °C revealed a faster coarsening of the carbides than Steel 2N even in the early stage of precipitation, evidencing that Steel 2N exhibited a lower softening resistance at 900 °C.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/1619niobium micro-alloyed steeldilatometerstrain-induced precipitationrecrystallizationsoftening resistance |
| spellingShingle | Tzu-Ching Tsao Po-Han Chiu Chien-Yu Tseng Cheng-Lin Tai Hsueh-Ren Chen Tsai-Fu Chung Chih-Yuan Chen Shing-Hoa Wang Yu-Ting Tsai Jer-Ren Yang Investigation of Strain-Induced Precipitation of Niobium Carbide in Niobium Micro-Alloyed Steels at Elevated Temperatures Metals niobium micro-alloyed steel dilatometer strain-induced precipitation recrystallization softening resistance |
| title | Investigation of Strain-Induced Precipitation of Niobium Carbide in Niobium Micro-Alloyed Steels at Elevated Temperatures |
| title_full | Investigation of Strain-Induced Precipitation of Niobium Carbide in Niobium Micro-Alloyed Steels at Elevated Temperatures |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of Strain-Induced Precipitation of Niobium Carbide in Niobium Micro-Alloyed Steels at Elevated Temperatures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of Strain-Induced Precipitation of Niobium Carbide in Niobium Micro-Alloyed Steels at Elevated Temperatures |
| title_short | Investigation of Strain-Induced Precipitation of Niobium Carbide in Niobium Micro-Alloyed Steels at Elevated Temperatures |
| title_sort | investigation of strain induced precipitation of niobium carbide in niobium micro alloyed steels at elevated temperatures |
| topic | niobium micro-alloyed steel dilatometer strain-induced precipitation recrystallization softening resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/1619 |
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