The Impact of Sociodemographic, Nutritional, and Health Factors on the Incidence and Complications of COVID-19 in Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study
This study was intended to explore sociodemographic, nutritional, and health-related factors on the incidence of COVID-19 infection within the Egyptian population by assessing the frequency and determinants of post-COVID-19 symptoms and complications. A cross-sectional study using a structured surve...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/3/448 |
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| author | Mona Schaalan Ahmed E. Abou Warda Samir M. Osman Shaimaa Fathy Rania M. Sarhan Marian S. Boshra Neven Sarhan Sayed Gaber Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelhaleem Ali |
| author_facet | Mona Schaalan Ahmed E. Abou Warda Samir M. Osman Shaimaa Fathy Rania M. Sarhan Marian S. Boshra Neven Sarhan Sayed Gaber Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelhaleem Ali |
| author_sort | Mona Schaalan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study was intended to explore sociodemographic, nutritional, and health-related factors on the incidence of COVID-19 infection within the Egyptian population by assessing the frequency and determinants of post-COVID-19 symptoms and complications. A cross-sectional study using a structured survey on 15,166 participants was adopted. The results revealed common symptoms including fever (79.1%), cough (74.5%), anosmia& ageusia (68.4%), and dyspnea (66.9%). The patients were nonsmokers (83.9%), while 9.7% were mild smokers. The percentage of infected patients with comorbidities versus those without comorbidities were 29%, 71%, respectively. The highest incidence of infection was in those patients with hypertension (14.8%) and diabetes (10.9%), especially females with age >50 years and obesity (BMI; 30–39.9). The highest risks were observed for anticoagulants in the age above 50 years, morbid obesity, presence of comorbidities, and being a healthcare worker. The predictors of clot risk were in the age above 50 years, non-educated, and eating meat and eggs. Nonetheless, the highest risk of using antidepressants was in patients >50 years and those who traveled abroad. These findings and similarities within the surrounding region, the Middle East, North Africa, and South Europe, indicate the possibility of sharing the same viral strain and characteristics that may predict a similar vaccine efficacy and response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:19:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-df3e61fe7bbb4708894232c06a268b23 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:19:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-df3e61fe7bbb4708894232c06a268b232023-11-30T22:43:35ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-02-0114344810.3390/v14030448The Impact of Sociodemographic, Nutritional, and Health Factors on the Incidence and Complications of COVID-19 in Egypt: A Cross-Sectional StudyMona Schaalan0Ahmed E. Abou Warda1Samir M. Osman2Shaimaa Fathy3Rania M. Sarhan4Marian S. Boshra5Neven Sarhan6Sayed Gaber7Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelhaleem Ali8Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo 11828, EgyptClinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, P.O. Box 12585, Giza 12585, EgyptPharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, P.O. Box 12585, Giza 12585, EgyptClinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo 11828, EgyptClinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62514, Beni-Suef 62511, EgyptClinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62514, Beni-Suef 62511, EgyptClinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo 11828, EgyptCritical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, EgyptDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif P Code 21944, Saudi ArabiaThis study was intended to explore sociodemographic, nutritional, and health-related factors on the incidence of COVID-19 infection within the Egyptian population by assessing the frequency and determinants of post-COVID-19 symptoms and complications. A cross-sectional study using a structured survey on 15,166 participants was adopted. The results revealed common symptoms including fever (79.1%), cough (74.5%), anosmia& ageusia (68.4%), and dyspnea (66.9%). The patients were nonsmokers (83.9%), while 9.7% were mild smokers. The percentage of infected patients with comorbidities versus those without comorbidities were 29%, 71%, respectively. The highest incidence of infection was in those patients with hypertension (14.8%) and diabetes (10.9%), especially females with age >50 years and obesity (BMI; 30–39.9). The highest risks were observed for anticoagulants in the age above 50 years, morbid obesity, presence of comorbidities, and being a healthcare worker. The predictors of clot risk were in the age above 50 years, non-educated, and eating meat and eggs. Nonetheless, the highest risk of using antidepressants was in patients >50 years and those who traveled abroad. These findings and similarities within the surrounding region, the Middle East, North Africa, and South Europe, indicate the possibility of sharing the same viral strain and characteristics that may predict a similar vaccine efficacy and response.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/3/448COVID-19Egyptnutritional attitudeprecautionary measures and practicespost-COVID-19 symptoms |
| spellingShingle | Mona Schaalan Ahmed E. Abou Warda Samir M. Osman Shaimaa Fathy Rania M. Sarhan Marian S. Boshra Neven Sarhan Sayed Gaber Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelhaleem Ali The Impact of Sociodemographic, Nutritional, and Health Factors on the Incidence and Complications of COVID-19 in Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study Viruses COVID-19 Egypt nutritional attitude precautionary measures and practices post-COVID-19 symptoms |
| title | The Impact of Sociodemographic, Nutritional, and Health Factors on the Incidence and Complications of COVID-19 in Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | The Impact of Sociodemographic, Nutritional, and Health Factors on the Incidence and Complications of COVID-19 in Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Sociodemographic, Nutritional, and Health Factors on the Incidence and Complications of COVID-19 in Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Sociodemographic, Nutritional, and Health Factors on the Incidence and Complications of COVID-19 in Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | The Impact of Sociodemographic, Nutritional, and Health Factors on the Incidence and Complications of COVID-19 in Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | impact of sociodemographic nutritional and health factors on the incidence and complications of covid 19 in egypt a cross sectional study |
| topic | COVID-19 Egypt nutritional attitude precautionary measures and practices post-COVID-19 symptoms |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/3/448 |
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