Heart Rate Dynamics During Acute Recovery From Maximal Aerobic Exercise in Young Adults
IntroductionResting heart rate (HRrest), heart rate variability (HRV), and HR recovery (HRR) from exercise provide valuable information about cardiac autonomic control. RR-intervals during acute recovery from exercise (RRrec) are commonly excluded from HRV analyses due to issues of non-stationarity....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.627320/full |
| _version_ | 1819119807380848640 |
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| author | Nathaniel T. Berry Emily Bechke Lenka H. Shriver Susan D. Calkins Susan P. Keane Lilly Shanahan Laurie Wideman |
| author_facet | Nathaniel T. Berry Emily Bechke Lenka H. Shriver Susan D. Calkins Susan P. Keane Lilly Shanahan Laurie Wideman |
| author_sort | Nathaniel T. Berry |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionResting heart rate (HRrest), heart rate variability (HRV), and HR recovery (HRR) from exercise provide valuable information about cardiac autonomic control. RR-intervals during acute recovery from exercise (RRrec) are commonly excluded from HRV analyses due to issues of non-stationarity. However, the variability and complexity within these trends may provide valuable information about changes in HR dynamics.PurposeAssess the complexity of RRrec and determine what physiologic and demographic information are associated with differences in these indices in young adults.MethodsRR-intervals were collected throughout maximal treadmill exercise and recovery in young adults (n = 92). The first 5 min of RRrec were (1) analyzed with previously reported methods that use 3-interval lengths for comparison and (2) detrended using both differencing(diff) and polynomial regression(res). The standard deviation of the normal interval (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD), root mean square (RMS) of the residual of regression, and sample entropy (SampEn) were calculated. Repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tested for differences in these indices for each of the methodological approaches, controlling for race, body fat, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and resting HR (HRrest). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsVO2peak and HRrest were significantly correlated with traditional measures of HRR and the variability surrounding RRrec. SampEndiff and SampEnres were correlated with VO2peak but not HRrest or HRR. The residual-method provided a significantly (p = 0.04) lower mean standard error (MSE) (0.064 ± 0.042) compared to the differencing-method (0.100 ± 0.033).ConclusionsComplexity analysis of RRrec provides unique information about cardiac autonomic regulation immediately following the cessation of exercise when compared to traditional measures of HRR and both HRrest and VO2peak influence these results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:10:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-df40671683684da3a3da2fcf29939732 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:10:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-df40671683684da3a3da2fcf299397322022-12-21T18:36:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2021-02-011210.3389/fphys.2021.627320627320Heart Rate Dynamics During Acute Recovery From Maximal Aerobic Exercise in Young AdultsNathaniel T. Berry0Emily Bechke1Lenka H. Shriver2Susan D. Calkins3Susan P. Keane4Lilly Shanahan5Laurie Wideman6Department of Kinesiology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United StatesDepartment of Kinesiology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United StatesDepartment of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United StatesDepartment of Human Development and Family Studies, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United StatesDepartment of Psychology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United StatesDepartment of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Kinesiology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United StatesIntroductionResting heart rate (HRrest), heart rate variability (HRV), and HR recovery (HRR) from exercise provide valuable information about cardiac autonomic control. RR-intervals during acute recovery from exercise (RRrec) are commonly excluded from HRV analyses due to issues of non-stationarity. However, the variability and complexity within these trends may provide valuable information about changes in HR dynamics.PurposeAssess the complexity of RRrec and determine what physiologic and demographic information are associated with differences in these indices in young adults.MethodsRR-intervals were collected throughout maximal treadmill exercise and recovery in young adults (n = 92). The first 5 min of RRrec were (1) analyzed with previously reported methods that use 3-interval lengths for comparison and (2) detrended using both differencing(diff) and polynomial regression(res). The standard deviation of the normal interval (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD), root mean square (RMS) of the residual of regression, and sample entropy (SampEn) were calculated. Repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tested for differences in these indices for each of the methodological approaches, controlling for race, body fat, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and resting HR (HRrest). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsVO2peak and HRrest were significantly correlated with traditional measures of HRR and the variability surrounding RRrec. SampEndiff and SampEnres were correlated with VO2peak but not HRrest or HRR. The residual-method provided a significantly (p = 0.04) lower mean standard error (MSE) (0.064 ± 0.042) compared to the differencing-method (0.100 ± 0.033).ConclusionsComplexity analysis of RRrec provides unique information about cardiac autonomic regulation immediately following the cessation of exercise when compared to traditional measures of HRR and both HRrest and VO2peak influence these results.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.627320/fullheart rate variabilitynon-linear dynamicsrecovery heart raterecovery heart rate variabilitycardiac dynamicsemerging adults |
| spellingShingle | Nathaniel T. Berry Emily Bechke Lenka H. Shriver Susan D. Calkins Susan P. Keane Lilly Shanahan Laurie Wideman Heart Rate Dynamics During Acute Recovery From Maximal Aerobic Exercise in Young Adults Frontiers in Physiology heart rate variability non-linear dynamics recovery heart rate recovery heart rate variability cardiac dynamics emerging adults |
| title | Heart Rate Dynamics During Acute Recovery From Maximal Aerobic Exercise in Young Adults |
| title_full | Heart Rate Dynamics During Acute Recovery From Maximal Aerobic Exercise in Young Adults |
| title_fullStr | Heart Rate Dynamics During Acute Recovery From Maximal Aerobic Exercise in Young Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heart Rate Dynamics During Acute Recovery From Maximal Aerobic Exercise in Young Adults |
| title_short | Heart Rate Dynamics During Acute Recovery From Maximal Aerobic Exercise in Young Adults |
| title_sort | heart rate dynamics during acute recovery from maximal aerobic exercise in young adults |
| topic | heart rate variability non-linear dynamics recovery heart rate recovery heart rate variability cardiac dynamics emerging adults |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.627320/full |
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