Merging toroidal dipole bound states in the continuum without up-down symmetry in Lieb lattice metasurfaces
The significance of bound states in the continuum (BICs) lies in their potential for theoretically infinite quality factors. However, their actual quality factors are limited by imperfections in fabrication, which lead to coupling with the radiation continuum. In this study, we present a novel appro...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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De Gruyter
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Nanophotonics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2023-0686 |
| _version_ | 1827113771078778880 |
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| author | Zhu Guodong Yang Sen Ndukaife Justus C. |
| author_facet | Zhu Guodong Yang Sen Ndukaife Justus C. |
| author_sort | Zhu Guodong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The significance of bound states in the continuum (BICs) lies in their potential for theoretically infinite quality factors. However, their actual quality factors are limited by imperfections in fabrication, which lead to coupling with the radiation continuum. In this study, we present a novel approach to address this issue by introducing a merging BIC regime based on a Lieb lattice. By utilizing this approach, we effectively suppress the out-of-plane scattering loss, thereby enhancing the robustness of the structure against fabrication artifacts. Notably, unlike previous merging systems, our design does not rely on the up-down symmetry of metasurfaces. This characteristic grants more flexibility in applications that involve substrates and superstrates with different optical properties, such as microfluidic devices. Furthermore, we incorporate a lateral band gap mirror into the design to encapsulate the BIC structure. This mirror serves to suppress the in-plane radiation resulting from finite-size effects, leading to a remarkable ten-fold improvement in the quality factor. Consequently, our merged BIC metasurface, enclosed by the Lieb lattice photonic crystal mirror, achieves an exceptionally high-quality factor of 105 while maintaining a small footprint of 26.6 × 26.6 μm. Our findings establish an appealing platform that capitalizes on the topological nature of BICs within compact structures. This platform holds great promise for various applications, including optical trapping, optofluidics, and high-sensitivity biodetection, opening up new possibilities in these fields. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T06:47:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-df4112f60dbc46ada0c4b627abe580af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2192-8614 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-20T11:51:16Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanophotonics |
| spelling | doaj.art-df4112f60dbc46ada0c4b627abe580af2024-09-16T09:44:08ZengDe GruyterNanophotonics2192-86142024-03-011391561156810.1515/nanoph-2023-0686Merging toroidal dipole bound states in the continuum without up-down symmetry in Lieb lattice metasurfacesZhu Guodong0Yang Sen1Ndukaife Justus C.2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 5718Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 5718Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 5718Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USAThe significance of bound states in the continuum (BICs) lies in their potential for theoretically infinite quality factors. However, their actual quality factors are limited by imperfections in fabrication, which lead to coupling with the radiation continuum. In this study, we present a novel approach to address this issue by introducing a merging BIC regime based on a Lieb lattice. By utilizing this approach, we effectively suppress the out-of-plane scattering loss, thereby enhancing the robustness of the structure against fabrication artifacts. Notably, unlike previous merging systems, our design does not rely on the up-down symmetry of metasurfaces. This characteristic grants more flexibility in applications that involve substrates and superstrates with different optical properties, such as microfluidic devices. Furthermore, we incorporate a lateral band gap mirror into the design to encapsulate the BIC structure. This mirror serves to suppress the in-plane radiation resulting from finite-size effects, leading to a remarkable ten-fold improvement in the quality factor. Consequently, our merged BIC metasurface, enclosed by the Lieb lattice photonic crystal mirror, achieves an exceptionally high-quality factor of 105 while maintaining a small footprint of 26.6 × 26.6 μm. Our findings establish an appealing platform that capitalizes on the topological nature of BICs within compact structures. This platform holds great promise for various applications, including optical trapping, optofluidics, and high-sensitivity biodetection, opening up new possibilities in these fields.https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2023-0686merging bichigh-q metasurfacestoroidal dipolelieb latticeband gap mirror |
| spellingShingle | Zhu Guodong Yang Sen Ndukaife Justus C. Merging toroidal dipole bound states in the continuum without up-down symmetry in Lieb lattice metasurfaces Nanophotonics merging bic high-q metasurfaces toroidal dipole lieb lattice band gap mirror |
| title | Merging toroidal dipole bound states in the continuum without up-down symmetry in Lieb lattice metasurfaces |
| title_full | Merging toroidal dipole bound states in the continuum without up-down symmetry in Lieb lattice metasurfaces |
| title_fullStr | Merging toroidal dipole bound states in the continuum without up-down symmetry in Lieb lattice metasurfaces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Merging toroidal dipole bound states in the continuum without up-down symmetry in Lieb lattice metasurfaces |
| title_short | Merging toroidal dipole bound states in the continuum without up-down symmetry in Lieb lattice metasurfaces |
| title_sort | merging toroidal dipole bound states in the continuum without up down symmetry in lieb lattice metasurfaces |
| topic | merging bic high-q metasurfaces toroidal dipole lieb lattice band gap mirror |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2023-0686 |
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