Leptospirosis-associated meningitis in a patient with sjögren’s syndrome: a case report
Abstract Background Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that afflicts both humans and animals. It progresses from flu-like symptoms to more severe hepatic and renal failure, and may also lead to aseptic meningitis. Individuals with autoimmune diseases (ADs) are potentially more susceptible to Leptos...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08794-9 |
| _version_ | 1797630412420284416 |
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| author | Yifan Zhang Yong Zheng |
| author_facet | Yifan Zhang Yong Zheng |
| author_sort | Yifan Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that afflicts both humans and animals. It progresses from flu-like symptoms to more severe hepatic and renal failure, and may also lead to aseptic meningitis. Individuals with autoimmune diseases (ADs) are potentially more susceptible to Leptospirosis. Thus far, limited data has documented the association between Leptospirosis and autoimmune disorders. Case presentation The patient had a definitive pathological diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). Due to recurrent headaches, the patient sought consultation with a neurologist. Lumbar puncture revealed elevated white blood cells and protein levels in the cerebrospinal fluid, along with decreased glucose. Tuberculous meningitis was suspected. Radiographic imaging exhibited meningeal enhancement, ventricular enlargement, and hydrocephalus. The patient commenced treatment with anti-tuberculosis therapy and corticosteroids. Subsequently, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of cerebrospinal fluid identified the presence of Leptospira interrogans. The patient was ultimately diagnosed with Leptospiral meningitis, and underwent antimicrobial and immunosuppressive therapy, resulting in stabilization of the condition and gradual symptom recovery. Conclusions The case highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing leptospirosis-related meningitis in the presence of ADs and emphasizes the importance of utilizing HTS for accurate pathogen detection. The potential correlation between leptospirosis and SS warrants further investigation, as does the need for multidisciplinary involvement in treatment strategies for such complex cases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:07:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-df588b9f67d84215b94219bd8a8bf0ac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:07:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-df588b9f67d84215b94219bd8a8bf0ac2023-11-12T12:07:47ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342023-11-012311610.1186/s12879-023-08794-9Leptospirosis-associated meningitis in a patient with sjögren’s syndrome: a case reportYifan Zhang0Yong Zheng1Neurological Center, Shenzhen Baoan People’s HospitalNeurological Center, Shenzhen Baoan People’s HospitalAbstract Background Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that afflicts both humans and animals. It progresses from flu-like symptoms to more severe hepatic and renal failure, and may also lead to aseptic meningitis. Individuals with autoimmune diseases (ADs) are potentially more susceptible to Leptospirosis. Thus far, limited data has documented the association between Leptospirosis and autoimmune disorders. Case presentation The patient had a definitive pathological diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). Due to recurrent headaches, the patient sought consultation with a neurologist. Lumbar puncture revealed elevated white blood cells and protein levels in the cerebrospinal fluid, along with decreased glucose. Tuberculous meningitis was suspected. Radiographic imaging exhibited meningeal enhancement, ventricular enlargement, and hydrocephalus. The patient commenced treatment with anti-tuberculosis therapy and corticosteroids. Subsequently, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of cerebrospinal fluid identified the presence of Leptospira interrogans. The patient was ultimately diagnosed with Leptospiral meningitis, and underwent antimicrobial and immunosuppressive therapy, resulting in stabilization of the condition and gradual symptom recovery. Conclusions The case highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing leptospirosis-related meningitis in the presence of ADs and emphasizes the importance of utilizing HTS for accurate pathogen detection. The potential correlation between leptospirosis and SS warrants further investigation, as does the need for multidisciplinary involvement in treatment strategies for such complex cases.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08794-9LeptospirosisSjögren’s syndromeAutoimmune DiseasesHigh-throughput sequencing |
| spellingShingle | Yifan Zhang Yong Zheng Leptospirosis-associated meningitis in a patient with sjögren’s syndrome: a case report BMC Infectious Diseases Leptospirosis Sjögren’s syndrome Autoimmune Diseases High-throughput sequencing |
| title | Leptospirosis-associated meningitis in a patient with sjögren’s syndrome: a case report |
| title_full | Leptospirosis-associated meningitis in a patient with sjögren’s syndrome: a case report |
| title_fullStr | Leptospirosis-associated meningitis in a patient with sjögren’s syndrome: a case report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Leptospirosis-associated meningitis in a patient with sjögren’s syndrome: a case report |
| title_short | Leptospirosis-associated meningitis in a patient with sjögren’s syndrome: a case report |
| title_sort | leptospirosis associated meningitis in a patient with sjogren s syndrome a case report |
| topic | Leptospirosis Sjögren’s syndrome Autoimmune Diseases High-throughput sequencing |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08794-9 |
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