Serum Magnesium Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease with and without Diabetes Mellitus and its Correlation with Calcium and Phosphate Levels: A Case-control Study
Introduction: Nearly 10% of the world population is affected by Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Hypermagnesaemia is seen in late stages of CKD whereas Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is commonly associated with hypomagnesaemia. Monitoring Mg levels and early correction may prevent the future risk for cardiovas...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/17585/62558_CE[Ra1]_F[SK]_PF1(AKA_OM_KM)_PFA(KM)_PB(AKA_SS)_PN(SS).pdf |
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| author | M Deepthi Sujatha Mahadevarao Premnath |
| author_facet | M Deepthi Sujatha Mahadevarao Premnath |
| author_sort | M Deepthi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Nearly 10% of the world population is affected by Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Hypermagnesaemia is seen in late stages of CKD whereas Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is commonly associated with hypomagnesaemia. Monitoring Mg levels and early correction may prevent the future risk for cardiovascular and CKD.
Aim: To compare the serum Mg levels in healthy controls, diabetic patients without CKD, late stages of CKD with and without diabetes and to evaluate its correlation with serum phosphate and calcium levels in CKD patients.
Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Vydehi Institute of Health Science from January 2018 to December 2019. A total of 100 participants were divided into four groups of 25 each. Group-I were healthy controls, Group-II were DM patients without CKD, Group-III CKD stage 3 and more without DM and Group-IV CKD stage 3 and more with DM. Serum creatinine, urea, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), calcium, phosphorous and magnesium levels were estimated in all the groups. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation was used to statistically analyse the data.
Results: The Group-III participants who had CKD but no DM were relatively younger in age (mean age 48.5±5.5 years) compared to other groups and there was a significant difference in the age group between four groups (p-value 0.0113). Though there was a male preponderance in all the four groups, the gender difference was not significant. Significant difference in the Mg was observed between the four groups (p-value<0.001). The DM group showed low serum magnesium. CKD patients with and without DM showed high but within reference range Mg levels. Sub-group analysis revealed DM patients on haemodialysis had lower Mg level as compared to non DM. Mg levels in CKD showed significant positive correlation with phosphorous levels (r-value 0.5002, p-value 0.0002).
Conclusion: High levels of Mg in late stages of CKD are expected but CKD with DM had relatively low Mg level. Low Mg level was also seen in DM patients on haemodialysis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:15:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-df661d6fef9d490cb2df05282aec3842 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:15:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
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| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-df661d6fef9d490cb2df05282aec38422023-03-22T09:45:36ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2023-03-01173BC01BC0410.7860/JCDR/2023/62558.17585Serum Magnesium Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease with and without Diabetes Mellitus and its Correlation with Calcium and Phosphate Levels: A Case-control StudyM Deepthi0Sujatha Mahadevarao Premnath1Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Science, Puducherry, India.Introduction: Nearly 10% of the world population is affected by Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Hypermagnesaemia is seen in late stages of CKD whereas Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is commonly associated with hypomagnesaemia. Monitoring Mg levels and early correction may prevent the future risk for cardiovascular and CKD. Aim: To compare the serum Mg levels in healthy controls, diabetic patients without CKD, late stages of CKD with and without diabetes and to evaluate its correlation with serum phosphate and calcium levels in CKD patients. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Vydehi Institute of Health Science from January 2018 to December 2019. A total of 100 participants were divided into four groups of 25 each. Group-I were healthy controls, Group-II were DM patients without CKD, Group-III CKD stage 3 and more without DM and Group-IV CKD stage 3 and more with DM. Serum creatinine, urea, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), calcium, phosphorous and magnesium levels were estimated in all the groups. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation was used to statistically analyse the data. Results: The Group-III participants who had CKD but no DM were relatively younger in age (mean age 48.5±5.5 years) compared to other groups and there was a significant difference in the age group between four groups (p-value 0.0113). Though there was a male preponderance in all the four groups, the gender difference was not significant. Significant difference in the Mg was observed between the four groups (p-value<0.001). The DM group showed low serum magnesium. CKD patients with and without DM showed high but within reference range Mg levels. Sub-group analysis revealed DM patients on haemodialysis had lower Mg level as compared to non DM. Mg levels in CKD showed significant positive correlation with phosphorous levels (r-value 0.5002, p-value 0.0002). Conclusion: High levels of Mg in late stages of CKD are expected but CKD with DM had relatively low Mg level. Low Mg level was also seen in DM patients on haemodialysis.https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/17585/62558_CE[Ra1]_F[SK]_PF1(AKA_OM_KM)_PFA(KM)_PB(AKA_SS)_PN(SS).pdfblood glucosehaemodialysishypermagnesaemiaphosphorusrenal failure |
| spellingShingle | M Deepthi Sujatha Mahadevarao Premnath Serum Magnesium Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease with and without Diabetes Mellitus and its Correlation with Calcium and Phosphate Levels: A Case-control Study Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research blood glucose haemodialysis hypermagnesaemia phosphorus renal failure |
| title | Serum Magnesium Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease with and without Diabetes Mellitus and its Correlation with Calcium and Phosphate Levels: A Case-control Study |
| title_full | Serum Magnesium Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease with and without Diabetes Mellitus and its Correlation with Calcium and Phosphate Levels: A Case-control Study |
| title_fullStr | Serum Magnesium Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease with and without Diabetes Mellitus and its Correlation with Calcium and Phosphate Levels: A Case-control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serum Magnesium Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease with and without Diabetes Mellitus and its Correlation with Calcium and Phosphate Levels: A Case-control Study |
| title_short | Serum Magnesium Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease with and without Diabetes Mellitus and its Correlation with Calcium and Phosphate Levels: A Case-control Study |
| title_sort | serum magnesium levels in chronic kidney disease with and without diabetes mellitus and its correlation with calcium and phosphate levels a case control study |
| topic | blood glucose haemodialysis hypermagnesaemia phosphorus renal failure |
| url | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/17585/62558_CE[Ra1]_F[SK]_PF1(AKA_OM_KM)_PFA(KM)_PB(AKA_SS)_PN(SS).pdf |
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