Preparation of Thermally-Resistant Nanohybrids Based on Novolac and Epoxy Resins and Epoxidized Carbon Nanotubes
Hypothesis: Thermally stable nanocomposites were prepared by incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNT) into the epoxy resin matrix cured by novolac resin. CNT modified with epoxy functional groups is capable of reaction with hydroxyl groups of novolac resin. Therefore, a new and robust method was plan...
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Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute
2018-10-01
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| Series: | علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر |
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| Online Access: | http://jips.ippi.ac.ir/article_1599_8ddfcbce3d91190baeee4ed79c25ff40.pdf |
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| author | Sina shahi Hossein Roghani-Mamaqani Mehdi Salami Kalajahi Hamidreza Ebrahimi |
| author_facet | Sina shahi Hossein Roghani-Mamaqani Mehdi Salami Kalajahi Hamidreza Ebrahimi |
| author_sort | Sina shahi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hypothesis: Thermally stable nanocomposites were prepared by incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNT) into the epoxy resin matrix cured by novolac resin. CNT modified with epoxy functional groups is capable of reaction with hydroxyl groups of novolac resin. Therefore, a new and robust method was planned for development of covalent bonding between the filler and matrix. On the other hand, due to slow reaction of epoxy and hydroxyl groups in the absence of catalyst, triphenylphosphine was used as the catalyst to accelerate the curing process.Method: CNT was modified with nitric acid to obtain oxidized CNT (CNTCOOH). After grafting of butane diol at the surface of CNTCOOH, hydroxyl-containing CNT (CNTOH) was prepared. Afterward, epoxy functional groups were applied at the surface of CNTOH through its modification with (3-glycidyloxypropyl) triethoxysilane in order to prepare epoxy-containing CNT (CNTG). Finally, CNTG and epoxy resin were placed in the hybrid network through the curing process with novolac resin.Finding: The results of FTIR-spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that modification of CNT was effectively carried out. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed uniform distribution of CNTG in the matrix of cured epoxy resin. As thermogravimetric analysis exhibited, char yield of the cured epoxy resin (26.6%) was considerably increased to 32.8% and 38.2% through incorporation of 2 and 4 wt% of CNTG into the network, respectively. According to the scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images, CNT showed tubular and entangled structure with smooth and uniform surface which even retained its structure after modification reaction. Finally, this approach can be successfully used for production of thermally-resistant thermoset hybrids for thermal protection applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T17:12:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-df726d8b3a854d27a6d92a16c3e8bdc0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1016-3255 2008-0883 |
| language | fas |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T17:12:42Z |
| publishDate | 2018-10-01 |
| publisher | Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute |
| record_format | Article |
| series | علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر |
| spelling | doaj.art-df726d8b3a854d27a6d92a16c3e8bdc02022-12-21T22:23:23ZfasIran Polymer and Petrochemical Instituteعلوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر1016-32552008-08832018-10-0131437338310.22063/jipst.2018.15991599Preparation of Thermally-Resistant Nanohybrids Based on Novolac and Epoxy Resins and Epoxidized Carbon NanotubesSina shahi0Hossein Roghani-Mamaqani1Mehdi Salami Kalajahi2Hamidreza Ebrahimi3Department of Polymer Engineering, 2. Institute of Polymeric Materials; Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Polymer Engineering, 2. Institute of Polymeric Materials; Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Polymer Engineering, 2. Institute of Polymeric Materials; Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran1. Department of Polymer Engineering, 2. Institute of Polymeric Materials; Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, IranHypothesis: Thermally stable nanocomposites were prepared by incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNT) into the epoxy resin matrix cured by novolac resin. CNT modified with epoxy functional groups is capable of reaction with hydroxyl groups of novolac resin. Therefore, a new and robust method was planned for development of covalent bonding between the filler and matrix. On the other hand, due to slow reaction of epoxy and hydroxyl groups in the absence of catalyst, triphenylphosphine was used as the catalyst to accelerate the curing process.Method: CNT was modified with nitric acid to obtain oxidized CNT (CNTCOOH). After grafting of butane diol at the surface of CNTCOOH, hydroxyl-containing CNT (CNTOH) was prepared. Afterward, epoxy functional groups were applied at the surface of CNTOH through its modification with (3-glycidyloxypropyl) triethoxysilane in order to prepare epoxy-containing CNT (CNTG). Finally, CNTG and epoxy resin were placed in the hybrid network through the curing process with novolac resin.Finding: The results of FTIR-spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that modification of CNT was effectively carried out. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed uniform distribution of CNTG in the matrix of cured epoxy resin. As thermogravimetric analysis exhibited, char yield of the cured epoxy resin (26.6%) was considerably increased to 32.8% and 38.2% through incorporation of 2 and 4 wt% of CNTG into the network, respectively. According to the scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images, CNT showed tubular and entangled structure with smooth and uniform surface which even retained its structure after modification reaction. Finally, this approach can be successfully used for production of thermally-resistant thermoset hybrids for thermal protection applications.http://jips.ippi.ac.ir/article_1599_8ddfcbce3d91190baeee4ed79c25ff40.pdfepoxy resinnovolac resincarbon nanotubenanocompositethermal properties |
| spellingShingle | Sina shahi Hossein Roghani-Mamaqani Mehdi Salami Kalajahi Hamidreza Ebrahimi Preparation of Thermally-Resistant Nanohybrids Based on Novolac and Epoxy Resins and Epoxidized Carbon Nanotubes علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر epoxy resin novolac resin carbon nanotube nanocomposite thermal properties |
| title | Preparation of Thermally-Resistant Nanohybrids Based on Novolac and Epoxy Resins and Epoxidized Carbon Nanotubes |
| title_full | Preparation of Thermally-Resistant Nanohybrids Based on Novolac and Epoxy Resins and Epoxidized Carbon Nanotubes |
| title_fullStr | Preparation of Thermally-Resistant Nanohybrids Based on Novolac and Epoxy Resins and Epoxidized Carbon Nanotubes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preparation of Thermally-Resistant Nanohybrids Based on Novolac and Epoxy Resins and Epoxidized Carbon Nanotubes |
| title_short | Preparation of Thermally-Resistant Nanohybrids Based on Novolac and Epoxy Resins and Epoxidized Carbon Nanotubes |
| title_sort | preparation of thermally resistant nanohybrids based on novolac and epoxy resins and epoxidized carbon nanotubes |
| topic | epoxy resin novolac resin carbon nanotube nanocomposite thermal properties |
| url | http://jips.ippi.ac.ir/article_1599_8ddfcbce3d91190baeee4ed79c25ff40.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sinashahi preparationofthermallyresistantnanohybridsbasedonnovolacandepoxyresinsandepoxidizedcarbonnanotubes AT hosseinroghanimamaqani preparationofthermallyresistantnanohybridsbasedonnovolacandepoxyresinsandepoxidizedcarbonnanotubes AT mehdisalamikalajahi preparationofthermallyresistantnanohybridsbasedonnovolacandepoxyresinsandepoxidizedcarbonnanotubes AT hamidrezaebrahimi preparationofthermallyresistantnanohybridsbasedonnovolacandepoxyresinsandepoxidizedcarbonnanotubes |