Effect of Light-Sources and Thicknesses of Composite Onlays on Micro-Hardness of Luting Composites
The aim of this study was to compare three different light-curing-units (LCUs) and determine their effectiveness in the adhesive cementation of indirect composite restorations when a light-curing resin cement is used. Two resin composites were selected: Enamel Plus HRI (Micerium) and AURA (SDI). Thr...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6849 |
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| author | Francesco De Angelis Mirco Vadini Mario Capogreco Camillo D’Arcangelo Maurizio D’Amario |
| author_facet | Francesco De Angelis Mirco Vadini Mario Capogreco Camillo D’Arcangelo Maurizio D’Amario |
| author_sort | Francesco De Angelis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to compare three different light-curing-units (LCUs) and determine their effectiveness in the adhesive cementation of indirect composite restorations when a light-curing resin cement is used. Two resin composites were selected: Enamel Plus HRI (Micerium) and AURA (SDI). Three thicknesses (3 mm, 4 mm and 5 mm) were produced and applied as overlays and underlays for each resin composite. A standardized composite layer was placed between underlay and overlay surfaces. Light curing of the resin-based luting composites was attained through the overlay filters using LCUs for different exposure times. All specimens were allocated to experimental groups according to the overlay thickness, curing unit and curing time. Vickers Hardness (VH) notches were carried out on each specimen. Data were statistically evaluated. The curing unit, curing time and overlay thickness were significant factors capable of influencing VH values. The results showed significantly decreased VH values with increasing specimen thickness (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Significant differences in VH values were found amongst the LCUs for the various exposure times (<i>p</i> < 0.05). According to the results, a time of cure shorter than 80 s (with a conventional quartz–tungsten–halogen LCU) or shorter than 40 s (with a high-power light-emitting diode (LED) LCU) is not recommended. The only subgroup achieving clinically acceptable VH values after a short 20 s curing time included the 3 mm-thick overlays made out of the AURA composite, when the high-power LED LCU unit was used (VH 51.0). Composite thickness has an intense effect on polymerization. In clinical practice, light-cured resin cements may result in insufficient polymerization for high thickness and inadequate times. High-intensity curing lights can attain the sufficient polymerization of resin cements through overlays in a significantly shorter time than conventional halogen light. |
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| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-df9b3183394e4282af3de969fc01791d2023-11-23T00:09:46ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-11-011422684910.3390/ma14226849Effect of Light-Sources and Thicknesses of Composite Onlays on Micro-Hardness of Luting CompositesFrancesco De Angelis0Mirco Vadini1Mario Capogreco2Camillo D’Arcangelo3Maurizio D’Amario4Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Dental School, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, ItalyUnit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Dental School, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, ItalyUnit of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, Dental Clinic, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, ItalyUnit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Dental School, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, ItalyUnit of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, Dental Clinic, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, ItalyThe aim of this study was to compare three different light-curing-units (LCUs) and determine their effectiveness in the adhesive cementation of indirect composite restorations when a light-curing resin cement is used. Two resin composites were selected: Enamel Plus HRI (Micerium) and AURA (SDI). Three thicknesses (3 mm, 4 mm and 5 mm) were produced and applied as overlays and underlays for each resin composite. A standardized composite layer was placed between underlay and overlay surfaces. Light curing of the resin-based luting composites was attained through the overlay filters using LCUs for different exposure times. All specimens were allocated to experimental groups according to the overlay thickness, curing unit and curing time. Vickers Hardness (VH) notches were carried out on each specimen. Data were statistically evaluated. The curing unit, curing time and overlay thickness were significant factors capable of influencing VH values. The results showed significantly decreased VH values with increasing specimen thickness (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Significant differences in VH values were found amongst the LCUs for the various exposure times (<i>p</i> < 0.05). According to the results, a time of cure shorter than 80 s (with a conventional quartz–tungsten–halogen LCU) or shorter than 40 s (with a high-power light-emitting diode (LED) LCU) is not recommended. The only subgroup achieving clinically acceptable VH values after a short 20 s curing time included the 3 mm-thick overlays made out of the AURA composite, when the high-power LED LCU unit was used (VH 51.0). Composite thickness has an intense effect on polymerization. In clinical practice, light-cured resin cements may result in insufficient polymerization for high thickness and inadequate times. High-intensity curing lights can attain the sufficient polymerization of resin cements through overlays in a significantly shorter time than conventional halogen light.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6849cementationhardnessindirect restorationlight-curing unitslutingresin-based luting cements |
| spellingShingle | Francesco De Angelis Mirco Vadini Mario Capogreco Camillo D’Arcangelo Maurizio D’Amario Effect of Light-Sources and Thicknesses of Composite Onlays on Micro-Hardness of Luting Composites Materials cementation hardness indirect restoration light-curing units luting resin-based luting cements |
| title | Effect of Light-Sources and Thicknesses of Composite Onlays on Micro-Hardness of Luting Composites |
| title_full | Effect of Light-Sources and Thicknesses of Composite Onlays on Micro-Hardness of Luting Composites |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Light-Sources and Thicknesses of Composite Onlays on Micro-Hardness of Luting Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Light-Sources and Thicknesses of Composite Onlays on Micro-Hardness of Luting Composites |
| title_short | Effect of Light-Sources and Thicknesses of Composite Onlays on Micro-Hardness of Luting Composites |
| title_sort | effect of light sources and thicknesses of composite onlays on micro hardness of luting composites |
| topic | cementation hardness indirect restoration light-curing units luting resin-based luting cements |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6849 |
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