Air Pollution and Lung Cancer
Malignant lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Smoking is the main risk factor for lung cancer. However, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) declared in 2013 that outdoor air pollution is a substance that is carcinogenic and contributes to lung cance...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universitas Airlangga
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Jurnal Respirasi |
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| Online Access: | https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JR/article/view/43438 |
| _version_ | 1797794592599310336 |
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| author | Ida Ayu Jasminarti Dwi Kusumawardani Putu Gita Indraswari Ni Luh Gede Yoni Komalasari |
| author_facet | Ida Ayu Jasminarti Dwi Kusumawardani Putu Gita Indraswari Ni Luh Gede Yoni Komalasari |
| author_sort | Ida Ayu Jasminarti Dwi Kusumawardani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Malignant lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Smoking is the main risk factor for lung cancer. However, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) declared in 2013 that outdoor air pollution is a substance that is carcinogenic and contributes to lung cancer. This was supported by several studies which show an increased prevalence of adenocarcinoma, even in countries with a low prevalence of smokers. The presence of one or more substances in the air for longer periods or at higher concentrations than usual, which can potentially have negative effects, is called air pollution. Aside from carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), lead, ozone (O3), and sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter with <2.5 µm diameter (PM2.5) has been identified to be associated with the risk of lung cancer. The risk of lung cancer was higher after prolonged exposure to PM2.5 regardless of age, gender, and smoking history. Exposure to air pollution is a significant factor in the onset and progression of lung cancer. Oxidative stress, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, inflammation, metabolism, epigenetic control, and signal transduction pathways are a few potential mechanisms of air pollution-induced lung cancer. Everyone, including the government and the general public, must implement strategies to stop the harmful effects of air pollution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:05:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dfa0d647e9604badb948a2aa0e11e6da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2407-0831 2621-8372 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:05:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Universitas Airlangga |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Jurnal Respirasi |
| spelling | doaj.art-dfa0d647e9604badb948a2aa0e11e6da2023-06-27T06:36:05ZengUniversitas AirlanggaJurnal Respirasi2407-08312621-83722023-05-0192150158https://doi.org/10.20473/jr.v9-I.2.2023.150-158Air Pollution and Lung CancerIda Ayu Jasminarti Dwi Kusumawardani0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2716-5222Putu Gita Indraswari1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2711-5388Ni Luh Gede Yoni Komalasari2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0275-1839Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia.Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia.Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.Malignant lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Smoking is the main risk factor for lung cancer. However, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) declared in 2013 that outdoor air pollution is a substance that is carcinogenic and contributes to lung cancer. This was supported by several studies which show an increased prevalence of adenocarcinoma, even in countries with a low prevalence of smokers. The presence of one or more substances in the air for longer periods or at higher concentrations than usual, which can potentially have negative effects, is called air pollution. Aside from carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), lead, ozone (O3), and sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter with <2.5 µm diameter (PM2.5) has been identified to be associated with the risk of lung cancer. The risk of lung cancer was higher after prolonged exposure to PM2.5 regardless of age, gender, and smoking history. Exposure to air pollution is a significant factor in the onset and progression of lung cancer. Oxidative stress, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, inflammation, metabolism, epigenetic control, and signal transduction pathways are a few potential mechanisms of air pollution-induced lung cancer. Everyone, including the government and the general public, must implement strategies to stop the harmful effects of air pollution.https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JR/article/view/43438air pollutioncancerlung cancerpm2.5 |
| spellingShingle | Ida Ayu Jasminarti Dwi Kusumawardani Putu Gita Indraswari Ni Luh Gede Yoni Komalasari Air Pollution and Lung Cancer Jurnal Respirasi air pollution cancer lung cancer pm2.5 |
| title | Air Pollution and Lung Cancer |
| title_full | Air Pollution and Lung Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Air Pollution and Lung Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Air Pollution and Lung Cancer |
| title_short | Air Pollution and Lung Cancer |
| title_sort | air pollution and lung cancer |
| topic | air pollution cancer lung cancer pm2.5 |
| url | https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JR/article/view/43438 |
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